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Economic overview

<p>leading export-driven, core EU and eurozone economy; key automotive, chemical, engineering, finance, and green energy industries; growth stalled by energy crisis and declining exports; tight labor market with falling working-age population; fiscal rebalancing with phaseout of energy price supports</p>

Background

Present-day Turkmenistan has been at the crossroads of civilizations for centuries. Various Persian empires ruled the area in antiquity, and Alexander the Great, Muslim armies, the Mongols, Turkic warriors, and eventually the Russians conquered it. In medieval times, Merv (located in present-day Mary province) was one of the great cities of the Islamic world and an important stop on the Silk Road....

Natural resources › note

<strong>note:</strong> with virtually no natural energy resources, Japan is almost totally dependent on imported sources of energy

Economic overview

one of the strongest EU and euro economies; diversified trade portfolios and relations; enormous trade economy; Russian energy dependence, but investing in alternative energy; aging labor force but large refugee population; large government debt

Renewable energy consumption

0.1%

Renewable energy consumption

52.9%

Renewable energy consumption

27.4%

Renewable energy consumption

54.5%

Renewable energy consumption

83%

Renewable energy consumption

70%

Renewable energy consumption

71.4%

Renewable energy consumption

96.3%

Renewable energy consumption

79.2%

Renewable energy consumption

39.3%

Renewable energy consumption

90.9%

Renewable energy consumption

21.8%

Renewable energy consumption

26.9%

Renewable energy consumption

6.1%

Renewable energy consumption

4.2%

Renewable energy consumption

80.7%

Renewable energy consumption

90.6%

Renewable energy consumption

47.7%

Renewable energy consumption

91.3%

Renewable energy consumption

39%

Renewable energy consumption

66.6%

Renewable energy consumption

58.2%

Renewable energy consumption

67.7%

Renewable energy consumption

92.8%

Economic overview

lower middle-income economy surrounded by South Africa; environmentally fragile and politically unstable; key infrastructure and renewable energy investments; dire poverty; urban job and income losses due to COVID-19; systemic corruption

Renewable energy consumption

34.9%

Renewable energy consumption

3.1%

Renewable energy consumption

83.1%

Renewable energy consumption

62.9%

Renewable energy consumption

71.1%

Renewable energy consumption

10.9%

Renewable energy consumption

8.6%

Renewable energy consumption

19.6%

Renewable energy consumption

76.9%

Renewable energy consumption

79.6%

Renewable energy consumption

80.3%

Renewable energy consumption

32.4%

Renewable energy consumption

87.4%

Renewable energy consumption

79.9%

Renewable energy consumption

1.9%

Renewable energy consumption

9.7%

Renewable energy consumption

35.4%

Renewable energy consumption

71.6%

Renewable energy consumption

95.4%

Renewable energy consumption

61%

Renewable energy consumption

75.1%

Renewable energy consumption

42.5%

Renewable energy consumption

11.6%

Renewable energy consumption

78.3%

Renewable energy consumption

90.9%

Renewable energy consumption

71.4%

Economic overview

upper middle-income, export-driven Sub-Saharan economy; natural resource rich; Walvis Bay port expansion for trade; high potential for renewable power generation and energy independence; major nature-based tourist locale; natural resource rich; shortage of skilled labor

Renewable energy consumption

30%

Renewable energy consumption

64.7%

Renewable energy consumption

83%

Renewable energy consumption

82.4%

Renewable energy consumption

0.4%

Renewable energy consumption

12.3%

Renewable energy consumption

50.1%

Renewable energy consumption

0.5%

Renewable energy consumption

2.8%

Renewable energy consumption

28.4%

Renewable energy consumption

2%

Renewable energy consumption

7%

Renewable energy consumption

6.7%

Renewable energy consumption

41.9%

Renewable energy consumption

9.6%

Renewable energy consumption

25%

Renewable energy consumption

1.9%

Renewable energy consumption

28.9%

Renewable energy consumption

15.4%

Renewable energy consumption

12.2%

Renewable energy consumption

2.3%

Renewable energy consumption

5.2%

Renewable energy consumption

35.9%

Renewable energy consumption

8.8%

Renewable energy consumption

0.9%

Renewable energy consumption

5.5%

Renewable energy consumption

1.1%

Renewable energy consumption

30.8%

Renewable energy consumption

0%

Renewable energy consumption

34.2%

Renewable energy consumption

20.9%

Renewable energy consumption

8.9%

Renewable energy consumption

14.8%

Renewable energy consumption

21.9%

Renewable energy consumption

10%

Renewable energy consumption

62.1%

Renewable energy consumption

76.7%

Renewable energy consumption

45.9%

Renewable energy consumption

10.5%

Renewable energy consumption

50.4%

Renewable energy consumption

28%

Renewable energy consumption

2.5%

Renewable energy consumption

1.5%

Renewable energy consumption

9.7%