Introduction
Belize was the site of several Mayan city states until their decline at the end of the first millennium A.D. The British and Spanish disputed the region in the 17th and 18th centuries; it formally became the colony of British Honduras in 1862. Territorial disputes between the UK and Guatemala delayed the independence of Belize until 1981. Guatemala refused to recognize the new nation until 1992, and the two countries are still involved in an ongoing border dispute. Tourism has become the mainstay of the economy. Current concerns include the country's heavy foreign debt burden, high crime rates, high unemployment combined with a majority youth population, growing involvement in the Mexican and South American drug trade, and one of the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence rates in Central America.
Geography
- Land
- 22,806 sq km
- Total
- 22,966 sq km
- Water
- 160 sq km
slightly smaller than Massachusetts
tropical; very hot and humid; rainy season (May to November); dry season (February to May)
386 km
North America
- Highest point
- Doyle's Delight 1,124 m
- Lowest point
- Caribbean Sea 0 m
- Mean elevation
- 173 m
17 15 N, 88 45 W
only country in Central America without a coastline on the North Pacific Ocean
35 sq km (2012)
- Border countries
- Guatemala 266 km; Mexico 276 km
- number of neighbors
- 2
- Total
- 542 km
- Agricultural land
- 8% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: arable land
- arable land: 4.4% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent crops
- permanent crops: 1.4% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent pasture
- permanent pasture: 2.2% (2023 est.)
- arable land
- 4.38%
- Forest
- 58.3% (2023 est.)
- Other
- 33.7% (2023 est.)
- permanent crops
- 1.4%
No
Central America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Mexico
- Google Maps
- https://goo.gl/maps/jdCccpdLodm1uTmo9
- OpenStreetMap
- https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/287827
Central America and the Caribbean
- Exclusive economic zone
- 200 nm
- Note
- <strong>note:</strong> from the mouth of the Sarstoon River to Ranguana Cay, Belize's territorial sea is 3 nm; according to Belize's Maritime Areas Act (1992), the purpose of this limit is to provide a framework for negotiating a definitive agreement on territorial differences with Guatemala
- Territorial sea
- 12 nm in the north, 3 nm in the south
frequent, devastating hurricanes (June to November) and coastal flooding (especially in south)
arable land potential, timber, fish, hydropower
approximately 25% to 30% of the population lives in the former capital, Belize City; over half of the overall population is rural; population density is slightly higher in the north and east
Central America
flat, swampy coastal plain; low mountains in south
- UTC-06:00
- number of time zones
- 1
People and Society
- 0-14 years
- 27.7% (male 58,529/female 56,811)
- 15-64 years
- 66.7% (male 135,903/female 141,503)
- 65 years and over
- 5.5% (2024 est.) (male 11,463/female 11,580)
- Beer
- 3.88 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Other alcohols
- 0.17 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Spirits
- 1.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Total
- 5.93 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Wine
- 0.68 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
17.44 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Men married by age 18
- 22.2% (2016)
- Women married by age 15
- 6.3% (2016)
- Women married by age 18
- 33.5% (2016)
4.6% (2015/16)
- 4.87 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- adult female
- 102 per 1,000
- adult male
- 191 per 1,000
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 8.6 (2025 est.)
- Potential support ratio
- 11.6 (2025 est.)
- Total dependency ratio
- 49.4 (2025 est.)
- Youth dependency ratio
- 40.8 (2025 est.)
- Improved: rural
- rural: 98% of population (2022 est.)
- Improved: total
- total: 98.4% of population (2022 est.)
- Improved: urban
- urban: 98.9% of population (2022 est.)
- Unimproved: rural
- rural: 2% of population (2022 est.)
- Unimproved: total
- total: 1.6% of population (2022 est.)
- Unimproved: urban
- urban: 1.1% of population (2022 est.)
- Education expenditure (% GDP)
- 4.6% of GDP (2024 est.)
- Education expenditure (% national budget)
- 18.9% national budget (2024 est.)
5 % of GDP
- Mestizo 52.9%, Creole 25.9%, Maya 11.3%, Garifuna 6.1%, East Indian 3.9%, Mennonite 3.6%, White 1.2%, Asian 1%, other 1.2%, unknown 0.3% (2010 est.)
- note
- <strong>note:</strong> percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin
0.99 (2025 est.)
- 4 % of GDP
- Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
- 5% of GDP (2021)
- Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
- 11.5% of national budget (2022 est.)
0.75%
1 beds/1,000 population (2018 est.)
- Female
- 10.1 deaths/1,000 live births
- Male
- 12.4 deaths/1,000 live births
- neonatal
- 9 deaths/1,000 live births
- Total
- 11.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
- Languages
- English 62.9% (official), Spanish 56.6%, Creole 44.6%, Maya 10.5%, German 3.2%, Garifuna 2.9%, other 1.8%, unknown 0.5% (2010 est.)
- Major-language sample(s)
- <br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English)<br><br>La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
- Note
- <strong>note:</strong> shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census
- number of languages
- 3
- Female
- 76.1 years
- Male
- 72.6 years
- Total population
- 74.3 years (2024 est.)
- Female
- 87.9% (2022 est.)
- Male
- 87.9% (2022 est.)
- Total population
- 87.9% (2022 est.)
23,000 BELMOPAN (capital) (2018)
67 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
- Female
- 27.2 years
- Male
- 26.4 years
- Total
- 27.2 years (2025 est.)
55 births/1,000 women 15-19
- Adjective
- Belizean
- Noun
- Belizean(s)
2.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
24.1% (2016)
1.09 physicians/1,000 population (2018)
- Female
- 213,116
- Male
- 208,844
- Total
- 421,960 (2025 est.)
1.47% (2025 est.)
Roman Catholic 40.1%, Protestant 31.5% (includes Pentecostal 8.4%, Seventh Day Adventist 5.4%, Anglican 4.7%, Mennonite 3.7%, Baptist 3.6%, Methodist 2.9%, Nazarene 2.8%), Jehovah's Witness 1.7%, other 10.5% (includes Baha'i, Buddhist, Hindu, Church of Jesus Christ, Muslim, Rastafarian, Salvation Army), unspecified 0.6%, none 15.5% (2010 est.)
- Improved: rural
- rural: 95.7% of population (2022 est.)
- Improved: total
- total: 97.3% of population (2022 est.)
- Improved: urban
- urban: 99.1% of population (2022 est.)
- Unimproved: rural
- rural: 4.3% of population (2022 est.)
- Unimproved: total
- total: 2.7% of population (2022 est.)
- Unimproved: urban
- urban: 0.9% of population (2022 est.)
- Female
- 12 years (2023 est.)
- Male
- 12 years (2023 est.)
- Total
- 12 years (2023 est.)
- 0-14 years
- 1.03 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years
- 0.96 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over
- 0.99 male(s)/female
- At birth
- 1.05 male(s)/female
- Total population
- 0.98 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- Female
- 1.8% (2025 est.)
- Male
- 14.8% (2025 est.)
- Total
- 8.3% (2025 est.)
2.02 children born/woman (2025 est.)
- Rate of urbanization
- 2.3% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- Urban population
- 46.6% of total population (2023)
- measles
- 84%
Government
6 districts; Belize, Cayo, Corozal, Orange Walk, Stann Creek, Toledo
- Etymology
- the name is formed from two words: "Belize," the name of the longest river in the country, and "Mopan," one of the rivers in the area that empties into the Belize River
- Geographic coordinates
- 17 15 N, 88 46 W
- Name
- Belmopan
- Time difference
- UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- Citizenship by birth
- yes
- Citizenship by descent only
- yes
- Dual citizenship recognized
- yes
- Residency requirement for naturalization
- 5 years
- svg
- https://mainfacts.com/media/images/coats_of_arms/bz.svg
- Amendment process
- proposed and adopted by two-thirds majority vote of the National Assembly House of Representatives except for amendments relating to rights and freedoms, changes to the Assembly, and to elections and judiciary matters, which require at least three-quarters majority vote of the House; both types of amendments require assent of the governor general
- History
- previous 1954, 1963 (pre-independence); latest signed and entered into force 21 September 1981
- alternative spellings
- BZ
- Conventional long form
- none
- Conventional short form
- Belize
- Etymology
- traditionally believed to be derived from the Spanish pronunciation of the last name of Scottish explorer Peter Wallace, who settled in the area in 1638; alternatively, may be named for the Belize River, whose name possibly derives from the Maya word "belix," meaning "muddy-watered"
- FIFA code
- BLZ
- Former
- British Honduras
- local long form (bjz)
- Belize
- Chief of mission
- Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Katharine BEAMER (since 23 August 2025)
- Email address and website
- <br>ACSBelize@state.gov<br><br>https://bz.usembassy.gov/
- Embassy
- 4 Floral Park Road, Belmopan, Cayo
- FAX
- (501) 822-4012
- Mailing address
- 3050 Belmopan Place, Washington DC 20521-3050
- Telephone
- (501) 822-4011
- Chancery
- 2535 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008-2826
- Chief of mission
- Ambassador Lynn Raymond YOUNG (since 7 July 2021)
- Consulate(s) general
- Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York
- Email address and website
- <br>reception.usa@mfa.gov.bz<br><br>https://www.belizeembassyusa.mfa.gov.bz/
- FAX
- [1] (202) 332-6888
- Telephone
- [1] (202) 332-9636
- Cabinet
- governor general appoints Cabinet from among members of the National Assembly, on the advice of the prime minister
- Chief of state
- King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor-General Froyla TZALAM (since 27 May 2021)
- Election/appointment process
- the monarchy is hereditary; governor-general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor-general; prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister
- Head of government
- Prime Minister John BRICEÑO (since 12 November 2020)
- <strong>description:</strong> royal blue with a narrow red stripe along the top and the bottom edges; the coat of arms is on a large white disk at the center and shows a shield flanked by two workers in front of a mahogany tree, with the motto SUB UMBRA FLOREO (I Flourish in the Shade) on a scroll at the bottom; a green garland of 50 mahogany leaves rings the coat of arms<br><br><strong>meaning:</strong> the figures, the mahogany tree, and the garland refer to the logging industry that led the British to settle Belize; blue and red are the colors of the two main political parties
- note
- <strong>note:</strong> Belize has the only national flag that depicts humans; the flags of two British overseas territories, Montserrat and the British Virgin Islands, also depict humans
The flag of Belize has a royal blue field with a thin red horizontal band at the top and bottom of the field and the national coat of arms in the center.
- svg
- https://flagcdn.com/bz.svg
parliamentary democracy (National Assembly) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
21 September 1981 (from the UK)
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
ACP, ACS, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CD, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, Petrocaribe, SICA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
- Highest court(s)
- Supreme Court of Judicature (consists of the Court of Appeal with the court president and 3 justices, and the Supreme Court with the chief justice and 10 justices); the Caribbean Court of Justice is the final court of appeal
- Judge selection and term of office
- Court of Appeal president and justices appointed by the governor-general upon advice of the prime minister after consultation with the National Assembly opposition leader; justices' tenures vary by terms of appointment; Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the governor-general upon the advice of the prime minister and the National Assembly opposition leader; other judges appointed by the governor-general upon the advice of the Judicial and Legal Services Section of the Public Services Commission and with the concurrence of the prime minister after consultation with the National Assembly opposition leader; judges can be appointed beyond age 65 but must retire by age 75
- Subordinate courts
- Magistrates' Courts; Family Court
English common law
- Legislative structure
- bicameral
- Legislature name
- National Assembly
- Note
- <strong> </strong>
- Chamber name
- House of Representatives
- Electoral system
- plurality/majority
- Expected date of next election
- March 2030
- Most recent election date
- 3/12/2025
- Number of seats
- 32 (all directly elected)
- Parties elected and seats per party
- People's United Party (PUP) (26); United Democratic Party (UDP) (5)
- Percentage of women in chamber
- 12.5%
- Scope of elections
- full renewal
- Term in office
- 5 years
- Chamber name
- Senate
- Expected date of next election
- May 2030
- Most recent election date
- 5/9/2025
- Number of seats
- 13 (all appointed)
- Percentage of women in chamber
- 35.7%
- Scope of elections
- full renewal
- Term in office
- 5 years
red, blue
- Selected World Heritage Site locales
- Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System
- Total World Heritage Sites
- 1 (natural)
Battle of St. George's Caye Day (National Day), 10 September (1798); Independence Day, 21 September (1981)
Baird's tapir (a large forest-dwelling mammal), keel-billed toucan, black orchid
Belize People’s Front or BPF<br>Belize Progressive Party or BPP (formed in 2015 from a merger of the People's National Party, elements of the Vision Inspired by the People, and other smaller political groups)<br>People's United Party or PUP<br>United Democratic Party or UDP<br>Vision Inspired by the People or VIP
Monday
18 years of age; universal
Yes
Economy
- sugarcane, maize, bananas, sorghum, soybeans, chicken, rice, oranges, fruits, plantains (2023)
- note
- <b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
- Expenditures
- $506.316 million (2017 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
- Revenues
- $554.405 million (2017 est.)
- code
- BZD
- name
- Belize dollar (BZD) [$]
- $-51,664,979
- Current account balance 2022
- -$235.566 million (2022 est.)
- Current account balance 2023
- -$19.761 million (2023 est.)
- Current account balance 2024
- -$51.762 million (2024 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
- $1.56 billion
- Debt - external 2023
- $1.235 billion (2023 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> present value of external debt in current US dollars
tourism- and agriculture-driven economy; strong post-pandemic rebound; innovative and ecological bond restructuring that significantly lowered public debt and expanded marine protections; central bank offering USD-denominated treasury notes; high mobility across borders
- Currency
- Belizean dollars (BZD) per US dollar -
- Exchange rates 2020
- 2 (2020 est.)
- Exchange rates 2021
- 2 (2021 est.)
- Exchange rates 2022
- 2 (2022 est.)
- Exchange rates 2023
- 2 (2023 est.)
- Exchange rates 2024
- 2 (2024 est.)
- $1.77 billion
- Exports 2022
- $1.369 billion (2022 est.)
- Exports 2023
- $1.536 billion (2023 est.)
- Exports 2024
- $1.64 billion (2024 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
- raw sugar, bananas, fish, shellfish, refined petroleum (2023)
- note
- <b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars
- USA 22%, UK 14%, Spain 9%, Guatemala 7%, Portugal 5% (2023)
- note
- <b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
- net inflows
- $128.46 million
- Exports of goods and services
- 55.3% (2023 est.)
- Government consumption
- 15.7% (2023 est.)
- Household consumption
- 62.9% (2023 est.)
- Imports of goods and services
- -51.2% (2023 est.)
- Investment in fixed capital
- 20.6% (2023 est.)
- Investment in inventories
- -2.3% (2023 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
- Agriculture
- 8.1% (2023 est.)
- Industry
- 14.3% (2023 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- Services
- 62.4% (2023 est.)
- $3.516 billion (2024 est.)
- note
- <b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate
$7,681
- 53.3 (1999)
- Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2018
- 39.9 (2018 est.)
- Note
- <strong>note:</strong> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
$3.07 billion
$7,150
20 % of GDP
- Highest 10%
- 30% (2018 est.)
- Lowest 10%
- 2.2% (2018 est.)
- Note
- <strong>note:</strong> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
- $1.72 billion
- Imports 2022
- $1.574 billion (2022 est.)
- Imports 2023
- $1.573 billion (2023 est.)
- Imports 2024
- $1.724 billion (2024 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
- refined petroleum, orthopedic appliances, ships, garments, tobacco (2023)
- note
- <b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars
- USA 37%, China 17%, Guatemala 10%, Mexico 8%, Costa Rica 6% (2023)
- note
- <b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
- 4.8% (2024 est.)
- note
- <b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
garment production, food processing, tourism, construction, oil
- 3.29%
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
- 6.3% (2022 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
- 4.4% (2023 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
- 3.3% (2024 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices
- 190,000 (2024 est.)
- note
- <b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
- total
- 184,286 persons
- agriculture
- 16.13%
- industry
- 15.35%
- services
- 68.52%
- Note
- <b>note:</b> central government debt as a % of GDP
- Public debt 2017
- 99% of GDP (2017 est.)
- $5.98 billion
- Note
- <b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
- $5.062 billion (2022 est.)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
- $5.12 billion (2023 est.)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
- $5.538 billion (2024 est.)
- 3.5%
- Note
- <b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
- Real GDP growth rate 2022
- 9.7% (2022 est.)
- Real GDP growth rate 2023
- 1.1% (2023 est.)
- Real GDP growth rate 2024
- 8.2% (2024 est.)
- $14,347
- Note
- <b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
- Real GDP per capita 2022
- $12,600 (2022 est.)
- Real GDP per capita 2023
- $12,500 (2023 est.)
- Real GDP per capita 2024
- $13,300 (2024 est.)
- $154.15 million
- Note
- <b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
- Remittances 2022
- 5% of GDP (2022 est.)
- Remittances 2023
- 4.9% of GDP (2023 est.)
- Remittances 2024
- 4.4% of GDP (2024 est.)
- $498.09 million
- Note
- <b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
- $482.146 million (2022 est.)
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
- $473.729 million (2023 est.)
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
- $498.087 million (2024 est.)
- 21.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
- note
- <b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
- 8.86%
- Note
- <b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment
- Unemployment rate 2022
- 8.8% (2022 est.)
- Unemployment rate 2023
- 8.3% (2023 est.)
- Unemployment rate 2024
- 7% (2024 est.)
- Female
- 25.6% (2024 est.)
- Male
- 10.6% (2024 est.)
- Note
- <b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
- Total
- 16.3% (2024 est.)
Energy
- Imports
- 32 metric tons (2023 est.)
- Consumption
- 595.389 million kWh (2023 est.)
- Imports
- 283.8 million kWh (2023 est.)
- Installed generating capacity
- 220,000 kW (2023 est.)
- Transmission/distribution losses
- 140.519 million kWh (2023 est.)
- Electrification - rural areas
- 97.1%
- Electrification - total population
- 98.6% (2022 est.)
- Electrification - urban areas
- 98.4%
- Biomass and waste
- 32.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- Fossil fuels
- 12% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- hydroelectric
- 33.4%
- Hydroelectricity
- 52.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- nuclear
- 0%
- renewable
- 92.86%
- Solar
- 2.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- Total energy consumption per capita 2023
- 30.752 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
- Crude oil estimated reserves
- 6.7 million barrels (2021 est.)
- Refined petroleum consumption
- 5,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
- Total petroleum production
- 800 bbl/day (2023 est.)
30.8%
Communications
- per 100 inhabitants
- 10 per 100
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 10 (2022 est.)
- Total
- 39,000 (2022 est.)
8 privately owned TV stations; multi-channel cable TV provides access to foreign stations; about 25 radio stations broadcasting on roughly 50 different frequencies; state-run radio was privatized in 1998 (2019)
.bz
- Percent of population
- 72% (2023 est.)
+501
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 4 (2022 est.)
- Total subscriptions
- 17,800 (2022 est.)
- subscriptions per 100
- 67 per 100
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 67 (2022 est.)
- Total subscriptions
- 271,000 (2022 est.)
Transportation
- passengers carried
- 776,198 passengers
- registered carrier departures
- 93,784 departures
27 (2025)
V3
Right
5 (2025)
- By type
- bulk carrier 49, general cargo 410, oil tanker 64, other 251
- Total
- 774 (2023)
- Key ports
- Belize City, Big Creek
- Large
- 0
- Medium
- 0
- Ports with oil terminals
- 1
- Size unknown
- 1
- Small
- 1
- Total ports
- 2 (2024)
- Very small
- 0
BH
Military and Security
the Belize Defense Force (BDF) is responsible for external security but also provides some support to civilian authorities; it has limited powers of arrest within land and shoreline areas, while the Coast Guard has arrest powers and jurisdiction within coastal and maritime areas; the BDF traces its history back to the Prince Regent Royal Honduras Militia, a volunteer force established in 1817; the BDF was established in 1978 from the disbanded Police Special Force and the Belize Volunteer Guard to assist the resident British forces with the defense of Belize against Guatemala<br><br>the British Army has maintained a presence in Belize since its independence; the presence consists of a small training support unit that provides jungle training to troops from the UK and international partners (2025)
- Belize Defense Force (BDF): Army, Air Wing; Belize Coast Guard (BCG) (2025)
- active duty personnel
- 2,000
- note
- <strong>note:</strong> the Ministry of National Defense and Border Security is responsible for oversight of the BDF and the Coast Guard, while the Ministry of Home Affairs and New Growth Industries has responsibility for the Belize Police Department (BPD) and prisons
- percent of total labor force
- 1.32 %
approximately 1,500 BDF personnel (2025)
the military has a small inventory consisting mostly of UK- and US-origin equipment (2025)
- 1 % of GDP
- current USD
- $30,137,800
- Military Expenditures 2020
- 1.5% of GDP (2020 est.)
- Military Expenditures 2021
- 1.3% of GDP (2021 est.)
- Military Expenditures 2022
- 1.1% of GDP (2022 est.)
- Military Expenditures 2023
- 0.9% of GDP (2023 est.)
- Military Expenditures 2024
- 1% of GDP (2024 est.)
- percent of central government expenditure
- 3.77 %
- percent of GDP
- 0.90 % of GDP
18-23 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient, but conscription has never been implemented; initial service obligation is 12 years (2025)
Transnational Issues
- USG identification
- <br>major illicit drug-producing and/or drug-transit country (2025)
- IDPs
- 8 (2024 est.)
- Refugees
- 2,287 (2024 est.)
Environment
- From coal and metallurgical coke
- 3 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- From petroleum and other liquids
- 662,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- Total emissions
- 662,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
deforestation; water pollution from sewage, industrial effluents, agricultural runoff; inability to properly dispose of solid waste
- Party to
- Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
- Signed, but not ratified
- none of the selected agreements
10.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
27 % of total land area
59 % of total
21.734 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
- 1 % of internal resources
- Agricultural
- 68.4 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- Industrial
- 21.2 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- Municipal
- 11.4 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- Municipal solid waste generated annually
- 101,400 tons (2024 est.)
- Percent of municipal solid waste recycled
- 10.4% (2022 est.)