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Found 100 results for "oil reserves"
Background
<p>Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam and home to Islam's two holiest shrines in Mecca and Medina. The king's official title is the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. ABD AL-AZIZ bin Abd al-Rahman AL SAUD (Ibn Saud) founded the modern Saudi state in 1932 after a 30-year campaign to unify most of the Arabian Peninsula. One of his male descendants rules the country today, as required by the cou...
National heritage › Selected World Heritage Site locales
<p>Brasilia (c); Historic Salvador de Bahia (c); Historic Ouro Preto (c); Historic Center of the Town of Olinda (c); Iguaçu National Park (n); Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis (c); Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes (c); Central Amazon Conservation Complex (n); Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves (n); Historic Center of Salvador de Bahia (c); Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Congonhas (c ); Brasilia (c )...
Natural resources
uranium and largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt, natural gas, likely oil reserves
Background
Originally a Dutch colony in the 17th century, by 1815 Guyana had become a British possession. The abolition of slavery led to former slaves settling urban areas and indentured servants being imported from India to work the sugar plantations. The resulting ethnocultural divide has persisted and has led to turbulent politics. Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966, and since then primaril...
Background
Equatorial Guinea consists of a continental territory and five inhabited islands; it is one of the smallest countries by area and population in Africa. The mainland region was most likely predominantly inhabited by Pygmy ethnic groups prior to the migration of various Bantu-speaking ethnic groups around the second millennium BC. The island of Bioko, the largest of Equatorial Guinea’s five inhabite...
Natural resources › note
<strong>note 1:</strong> Australia is the world's largest net exporter of coal accounting for 26.5% of global coal exports in 2021; coal is the country’s most abundant energy resource, and coal ranks as the second-largest export commodity from Australia in terms of revenue; in 2020, Australia held the third-largest recoverable coal reserves in the world behind the United States and Russia<br><br><...
Economic overview
<p>high-income, non-EU economy with trade links via European Economic Area (EEA); key role in European energy security as leader in oil, gas, and electricity exports; major fishing, forestry, and oil(?) extraction industries; oil sovereign fund supports generous welfare system; low unemployment; inflation moderating but remains above target level</p>
Economic overview
growing CEMAC economy and new OPEC member; large oil and gas reserves; targeting economic diversification and poverty reduction; still recovering from CEMAC crisis; improving public financial management; persistent poverty; hard-hit by COVID-19
Natural resources
wide natural-resource base including major deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many strategic minerals, bauxite, reserves of rare earth elements, timber
Background
The Paracel Islands are surrounded by productive fishing grounds and potential oil and gas reserves. In 1932, French Indochina annexed the islands and set up a weather station on Pattle Island. China has occupied all the Paracel Islands since 1974, when its troops seized a South Vietnamese garrison occupying the western islands. China has built a military installation on Woody Island with an airfi...
Natural resources
coal, antimony, mercury, zinc, potash, marble, barite, asbestos, pumice, fluorspar, feldspar, pyrite (sulfur), natural gas and crude oil reserves, fish, arable land
Country name › Etymology
the name may derive from the Arabic word <em>katran</em>, meaning "tar" or "resin" in reference to the area's oil and natural gas reserves
Economic overview
low-income Middle Eastern economy; infrastructure, trade, and economic institutions devastated by civil war; oil/gas-dependent but decreasing reserves; massive poverty, food insecurity, and unemployment; high inflation
Background
Bantu-speaking people settled in the area now called Angola in 6th century A.D.; by the 10th century various Bantu groups had established kingdoms, of which Kongo became the most powerful. From the late-14th to the mid-19th century, a Kingdom of Kongo stretched across central Africa from present-day northern Angola into the current Congo republics. It traded heavily with the Portuguese who, beginn...
Background
In 1783, the Sunni AL-KHALIFA family took power in Bahrain. In order to secure these holdings, it entered into a series of treaties with the UK during the 19th century that made Bahrain a British protectorate. The archipelago attained its independence in 1971. A steady decline in oil production and reserves since 1970 prompted Bahrain to take steps to diversify its economy, in the process developi...
Ports › Key ports
Cabinda, Estrela Oil Field, Lobito, Luanda, Malongo Oil Terminal, Namibe, Palanca Terminal, Takula Terminal
Economic overview
<p>oil-dependent economy challenged by market fluctuations, regional instability, refugee influx, and climate vulnerability; high levels of extreme poverty and food insecurity; recent growth driven by oil and agricultural recovery; debt-restructuring agreement under G20 Common Framework</p>
Economic overview
primarily an oil- and natural resources-based economy; recovery from mid-2010s oil devaluation has been slow and curtailed by COVID-19; extreme poverty increasing, particularly in southern rural regions; attempting to implement recommended CEMAC reforms; increasing likelihood of debt default
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, raw sugar, palm oil, wheat, soybean oil (2023)
Ports › Key ports
Al Khair Oil Terminal, Beshayer Oil Terminal, Port Sudan, Sawakin Harbor
Ports › Key ports
Ashtart Oil Terminal, Banzart, Didon Terminal, Gabes, La Goulette, Menzel Bourguiba, Mersa Sfax, Sousse, Tazerka Oil Terminal, Tunis
Economic overview
Western Sahara has a small market-based economy whose main industries are fishing, phosphate mining, tourism, and pastoral nomadism. The territory's arid desert climate makes sedentary agriculture difficult, and much of its food is imported. The Moroccan Government administers Western Sahara's economy and is a key source of employment, infrastructure development, and social spending in the territo...
Background
Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. Three main industries have since dominated the island's economy: gold mining, oil refining, and tourism. A 19th-century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening of an oil refinery in 1924. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherland...
Industries
oil and gas; mining (gold, copper, and nickel); palm oil processing; plywood and wood chip production; copra crushing; construction; tourism; fishing; livestock (pork, poultry, cattle) and dairy farming; spice products (turmeric, vanilla, ginger, cardamom, chili, pepper, citronella, and nutmeg)
Background
The Trucial States of the Persian Gulf coast granted the UK control of their defense and foreign affairs in 19th-century treaties. In 1971, six of these states -- Abu Dhabi, 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah, Dubayy, and Umm al Qaywayn -- merged to form the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Ra's al Khaymah joined in 1972. <br><br>The UAE's per-capita GDP is on par with those of leading West European nat...
Economic overview
<p>upper-middle income, oil-dependent Caucasus economy; minimal economic diversification and dominance of state-owned enterprises; growth and fiscal consolidation supported by oil revenues, but risks remain from demand shocks; potential economic gains from Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire; education investments to diversify and retain human capital</p>
Economic overview
<p>high-income, growing Middle Eastern island economy; oil and aluminum exporter with diversification led by services, construction and manufacturing; regional finance and tourism hub; high public debt linked to oil revenue dependence and limited tax base; vulnerable to water reservoir depletion</p>
Environmental issues
desertification; drought; coastal degradation from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations; lack of freshwater resources; saline contamination from lowered water table
Economic overview
highly oil-dependent Middle Eastern economy; fiscal sustainability subject to fluctuation in oil prices; rising public confidence in economic conditions; import-dependent for most sectors; persistent challenges of corruption, informal markets, banking access, and political fragility
Environmental issues
marine pollution from ocean dumping, improper waste disposal, and oil spills; oil pollution in Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea; threats to coral reefs; loss of biodiversity; endangered marine species
Environmental issues
endangered marine species; fishery issues (over-fishing, unregulated bottom trawling, drift-net fishing, discards, catch of non-target species); pollution (maritime transport, discharges, offshore drilling, oil spills, improperly disposed waste); municipal sludge pollution off eastern US, southern Brazil, and eastern Argentina; oil pollution in Caribbean Sea, Gulf of America, Lake Maracaibo, Medit...
Background
<p>Venezuela was one of three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830, the others being Ecuador and New Granada (Colombia). For most of the first half of the 20th century, military strongmen ruled Venezuela and promoted the oil industry while allowing some social reforms. Democratically elected governments largely held sway until 1999, but Hugo CHAVEZ, who was president f...
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$83.007 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$81.217 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$71.852 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$14.243 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$13.942 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$13.655 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$3.456 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$4.756 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$4.279 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$90.35 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$158.53 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$266.164 million (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$1.05 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$1.013 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$211.591 million (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$715.391 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$835.649 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$828.56 million (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$5.104 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$4.378 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$3.467 billion (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$4.882 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$5.133 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$4.3 billion (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$323.946 million (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$324.561 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$283.746 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$479.593 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$374.405 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021
$483.872 million (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$783.106 million (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$837.881 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$729.566 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$348.725 million (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$502.034 million (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$589.437 million (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$44.921 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$33.07 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$32.144 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold › Note
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars