Cyprus

A former British colony, Cyprus became independent in 1960 after years of resistance to British rule. Tensions between the Greek Cypriot majority and Turkish Cypriot minority came to a head in December 1963, when violence broke out in the capital of Nicosia. Despite the deployment of UN peacekeepers in 1964, sporadic intercommunal violence continued and forced most Turkish Cypriots into enclaves throughout the island. In 1974, a Greek Government-sponsored attempt to overthrow the elected president of Cyprus was met by military intervention from Turkey, which soon controlled more than a third of the island. In 1983, the Turkish Cypriot administered area declared itself the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC), but it is recognized only by Turkey. A UN-mediated agreement to reunite Cyprus, the Annan Plan, failed to win approval from both communities in 2004. The most recent round of reunification negotiations was suspended in 2017 after failure to achieve a breakthrough. <br><br>The entire island joined the EU in 2004, although the EU acquis -- the body of common rights and obligations -- applies only to the areas under the internationally recognized government and is suspended in the TRNC. However, individual Turkish Cypriots able to document their eligibility for Republic of Cyprus citizenship have the same legal rights accorded to citizens of other EU states.

Land

9,241 sq km

Total

9,251 sq km (of which 3,355 sq km are in north Cyprus)

Water

10 sq km

about 0.6 times the size of Connecticut

temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters

648 km

Europe

Highest point

Mount Olympus 1,951 m

Lowest point

Mediterranean Sea 0 m

Mean elevation

91 m

35 00 N, 33 00 E

the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and Sardinia)

269 sq km (2020)

Border sovereign base areas

Akrotiri 48 km; Dhekelia 108 km

Total

156 km

Agricultural land

14% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 10.6% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 3.1% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)

arable land

10.59%

Forest

18.6% (2023 est.)

Other

67.1% (2023 est.)

permanent crops

3.14%

No

Middle East, island in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey; note - Cyprus views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

Google Maps

https://goo.gl/maps/77hPBRdLid8yD5Bm7

OpenStreetMap

https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/307787

Middle East

Contiguous zone

24 nm

Continental shelf

200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Territorial sea

12 nm

moderate earthquake activity; droughts

copper, pyrites, asbestos, gypsum, timber, salt, marble, clay earth pigment

population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca

Southern Europe

central plain with mountains to north and south; scattered but significant plains along southern coast

UTC+02:00

number of time zones

1

0-14 years

15.6% (male 105,533/female 100,099)

15-64 years

70% (male 486,569/female 437,651)

65 years and over

14.4% (2024 est.) (male 83,094/female 107,579)

Beer

2.85 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Spirits

4.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Total

9.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Wine

2.72 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

9.95 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

7.11 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

adult female

30 per 1,000

adult male

57 per 1,000

Elderly dependency ratio

21.4 (2025 est.)

Note

<strong>note:</strong> data represent the whole country

Potential support ratio

4.7 (2025 est.)

Total dependency ratio

43.6 (2025 est.)

Youth dependency ratio

22.3 (2025 est.)

improved total

99.72%

Improved: rural

rural: 99.8% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 99.8% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: urban

urban: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 0.2% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 0.2% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)

Education expenditure (% GDP)

4.7% of GDP (2022 est.)

Education expenditure (% national budget)

12.5% national budget (2022 est.)

5 % of GDP

Greek 98.8%, other 1% (includes Maronite, Armenian, Turkish-Cypriot), unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)

note

<strong>note:</strong> data represent only the Greek-Cypriot citizens in the Republic of Cyprus

0.73 (2025 est.)

8 % of GDP

Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

9.4% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

18.3% of national budget (2022 est.)

2.2 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)

Female

6.4 deaths/1,000 live births

Male

9.7 deaths/1,000 live births

neonatal

2 deaths/1,000 live births

Total

7.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Languages

Greek (official) 80.9%, Turkish (official) 0.2%, English 4.1%, Romanian 2.9%, Russian 2.5%, Bulgarian 2.2%, Arabic 1.2%, Filipino 1.1%, other 4.3%, unspecified 0.6%&nbsp; (2011 est.)

Major-language sample(s)

<br>Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Note

<strong>note:</strong> data represent only the Republic of Cyprus

number of languages

2

Female

83.1 years

Male

77.4 years

Total population

80.2 years (2024 est.)

269,000 NICOSIA (capital) (2018)

14 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Female

41 years

Male

38.2 years

Total

39.9 years (2025 est.)

30 years (2020 est.)

note

<strong>note:</strong> data represents only government-controlled areas

Adjective

Cypriot

Noun

Cypriot(s)

6.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

21.8% (2016)

demographic data for Cyprus represent the population of the government-controlled area and the area administered by Turkish Cypriots, unless otherwise indicated

3.56 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Female

651,165

Male

681,128

Total

1,332,293 (2025 est.)

0.89% (2025 est.)

Eastern Orthodox Christian 89.1%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Protestant/Anglican 2%, Muslim 1.8%, Buddhist 1%, other (includes Maronite Catholic, Armenian Apostolic, Hindu) 1.4%, unknown 1.1%, none/atheist 0.6% (2011 est.)

note

<strong>note:</strong> data represent only the government-controlled area of Cyprus

improved total

76.97%

Improved: rural

rural: 98.8% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 99.4% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: urban

urban: 99.7% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 1.2% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 0.6% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 0.3% of population (2022 est.)

Female

17 years (2022 est.)

Male

16 years (2022 est.)

Total

16 years (2022 est.)

0-14 years

1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years

1.11 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.77 male(s)/female

At birth

1.05 male(s)/female

Total population

1.05 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Female

22.2% (2025 est.)

Male

44.1% (2025 est.)

Total

33.1% (2025 est.)

1.49 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Rate of urbanization

0.76% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Urban population

67% of total population (2023)

measles

99%

6 districts; Ammochostos (Famagusta; all but a small part located in the Turkish Cypriot community), Keryneia (Kyrenia; the only district located entirely in the Turkish Cypriot community), Larnaka (Larnaca; with a small part located in the Turkish Cypriot community), Lefkosia (Nicosia; a small part administered by Turkish Cypriots), Lemesos (Limassol), Pafos (Paphos)

note

<strong>note:</strong> the 5 "districts" of the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" are Gazimagusa (Famagusta), Girne (Kyrenia), Guzelyurt (Morphou), Iskele (Trikomo), Lefkosa (Nicosia)

Daylight saving time

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Etymology

may have been named after Nike, the Greek goddess of victory; the Greek name for the city, Lefkosia, and the Turkish name, Lefkosa, both mean "White City"

Geographic coordinates

35 10 N, 33 22 E

Name

Nicosia (Lefkosia/Lefkosa)

Time difference

UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Citizenship by birth

no

Citizenship by descent only

at least one parent must be a citizen of Cyprus

Dual citizenship recognized

yes

Residency requirement for naturalization

7 years

svg

https://mainfacts.com/media/images/coats_of_arms/cy.svg

Amendment process

constitution of the Republic of Cyprus -- proposed by the House of Representatives; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total membership of the "Greek Community" and the "Turkish Community"; however, all seats of Turkish Cypriot members have remained vacant since 1964<br><br>constitution of the “Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus” -- proposed by at least 10 members of the "Assembly of the Republic"; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total Assembly membership and approval by referendum

History

ratified 16 August 1960

Note

<strong>note:</strong> in 1963, the constitution was partly suspended as Turkish Cypriots withdrew from the government; Turkish-held territory in 1983 was declared the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" ("TRNC"); in 1985, the "TRNC" approved its own constitution

alternative spellings

CY, Kýpros, Kıbrıs, Republic of Cyprus, Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία, Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti

Conventional long form

Republic of Cyprus

Conventional short form

Cyprus

Etymology

the Greek name for the island is Kupros, which is probably derived from the Sumerian <em>kabar</em>, meaning "copper" or "bronze;" copper mines were located on the island in antiquity

FIFA code

CYP

Local long form

Kypriaki Dimokratia (Greek)/ Kibris Cumhuriyeti (Turkish)

local long form (ell)

Δημοκρατία της Κύπρος

Local short form

Kypros (Greek)/ Kibris (Turkish)

Note

<strong>note:</strong> the Turkish Cypriot community, which administers the northern part of the island, refers to itself as the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" or "TRNC" ("Kuzey Kibris Turk Cumhuriyeti" or "KKTC")

Chief of mission

Ambassador Julie Davis FISHER (since 21 February 2023); note - Ambassador FISHER is temporarily assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine as Charg&eacute; d&rsquo; Affaires ad interim; she remains fully accredited in Cyprus

Email address and website

<br>ACSNicosia@state.gov<br><br>https://cy.usembassy.gov/

Embassy

Metochiou and Ploutarchou Street, 2407, Engomi, Nicosia

FAX

[357] (22) 780944

Mailing address

5450 Nicosia Place, Washington DC&nbsp; 20521-5450

Telephone

[357] (22) 393939

Chancery

2211 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

Chief of mission

Ambassador Evangelos SAVVA (since 15 September 2023)

Consulate(s) general

New York

Email address and website

<br>info@cyprusembassy.net<br><br>https://www.cyprusembassy.net/

FAX

[1] (202) 483-6710

Honorary consulate(s)

Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Kirkland (WA), Los Angeles, New Orleans, San Francisco

Telephone

[1] (202) 462-5772

Cabinet

Council of Ministers appointed by the president

Chief of state

President Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (since 28 February 2023)

Election results

<em><br>2023: </em>Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (independent) 32%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS (independent) 29.6%, Averof NEOFYTOU (DISY) 26.1%, Christos CHRISTOU (ELAM) 6%, other 6.3%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos CHRISTODOULIDS 52%, Andreas MAVROGIANNIS 48%<em><br><br>2018: </em>Nikos ANASTASIADIS reelected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS (DISY) 35.5%, Stavros MALAS (AKEL) 30.2%, Nicolas PAPADOPOULOS (DIKO) 25.7%, other 8.6%; percent of vote in second round - Nikos ANASTASIADIS 56%, Stavros MALAS 44%

Election/appointment process

president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (limited to 2 consecutive terms)

Expected date of next election

2028

Head of government

President Nikos CHRISTODOULIDIS (since 28 February 2023)

Most recent election date

5 February 2023, with a runoff on 12 February 2023&nbsp;

Note

<strong>note 1:</strong> vice presidency reserved for a Turkish Cypriot, but the post has been vacant since 1974 because Turkish Cypriots do not participate in the Republic of Cyprus Government<br><br><strong>note 2: </strong>under the 1960 constitution, 3 ministerial posts are reserved for Turkish Cypriots, appointed by the vice president, but Greek Cypriots currently hold the positions

<strong>description:</strong> a copper-colored silhouette of the island is centered on a white field above two crossed green olive branches<br><br><strong>meaning:</strong> the olive branches symbolize hope for peace and reconciliation between the Greek and Turkish communities

note

<strong>note 1:</strong> one of two national flags that uses a map as a design element; the flag of Kosovo is the other <br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" flag retains the white field of the Cyprus national flag but has narrow horizontal red stripes near the top and bottom edges, with a red crescent and a five-pointed red star between them; the banner is modeled on the Turkish national flag, but with the colors reversed

The flag of Cyprus has a white field, at the center of which is a copper-colored silhouette of the Island of Cyprus above two green olive branches crossed at the stem.

svg

https://flagcdn.com/cy.svg

Republic of Cyprus - presidential republic; self-declared "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC) - parliamentary republic with enhanced presidency

note

<strong>note:</strong> a separation of the two main ethnic communities inhabiting the island began following the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified when a Greek military-junta-supported coup attempt prompted the Turkish military intervention in July 1974 that gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government on the island; on 15 November 1983, then Turkish Cypriot "President" Rauf DENKTAS declared independence and the formation of the "TRNC,” which is recognized only by Turkey

16 August 1960 (from the UK)

note

<strong>note:</strong> Turkish Cypriots proclaimed self-rule on 13 February 1975 and independence in 1983, but only Turkey recognizes these proclamations

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Australia Group, C, CD, CE, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Highest court(s)

Supreme Court of Cyprus (consists of 13 judges, including the court president)

Judge selection and term of office

Republic of Cyprus Supreme Court judges appointed by the president of the republic on the recommendation of the Supreme Court judges; judges can serve until age 68; "TRNC Supreme Court" judges appointed by the "Supreme Council of Judicature," a 12-member body of judges, the attorney general, appointees by the president of the "TRNC," and by the "Legislative Assembly," and members elected by the bar association; judge tenure NA

Note

<strong>note:</strong> the highest court in the TRNC is the Supreme Court (consists of 8 judges, including the court president)

Subordinate courts

Republic of Cyprus district courts; Assize Courts; Administrative Court; specialized courts for issues relating to family, industrial disputes, the military, and rent control; "TRNC Assize Courts"; "TNRC district and family courts"

mixed system of English common law and civil law, with European law supremacy

Electoral system

proportional representation

Expected date of next election

May 2026

Legislative structure

unicameral

Legislature name

House of Representatives (Vouli Antiprosopon)

Most recent election date

5/30/2021

Note

<strong>note:</strong> the area of Cyprus that Turkish Cypriots administer has a separate unicameral Assembly of the Republic, or Cumhuriyet Meclisi (50 seats); members are directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote

Number of seats

80 (all directly elected)

Parties elected and seats per party

Democratic Rally (DISY) (17); Progressive Party of the Working People (AKEL) (15); Democratic Party (DIKO) (9); National Popular Front (ELAM) (4); Movement of Social Democrats (EDEK) (4); Democratic Alignment (DIPA) (4); Cyprus Green Party (KOP) (3)

Percentage of women in chamber

14.3%

Scope of elections

full renewal

Term in office

5 years

<p>The coat of arms of Cyprus features a yellow shield representing the island’s copper deposits. A dove, one of the national symbols, holds an olive branch symbolizing peace, and olive branches encircle the shield.  The year 1960 on the shield is the date of Cyprus’s independence from the United Kingdom.</p> <p> </p>

blue, white

Selected World Heritage Site locales

Paphos; Painted Churches in the Troodos Region; Choirokoitia

Total World Heritage Sites

3 (all cultural)

Independence Day, 1 October (1960)

note

<strong>note:</strong> Turkish Cypriots celebrate 15 November (1983) as "Republic Day"

Cypriot mouflon (wild sheep), white dove

<strong>area under government control:</strong> <br>Democratic Front or DIPA <br>Democratic Party or DIKO<br>Democratic Rally or DISY <br>Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Alliance <br>Movement of Social Democrats EDEK<br>National Popular Front or ELAM <br>Progressive Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist Party) <br>Solidarity Movement<br><br><strong>area administered by Turkish Cypriots:</strong> <br>Communal Democracy Party or TDP<br>Communal Liberation Party - New Forces or TKP-YG<br>Cyprus Socialist Party or KSP<br>Democratic Party or DP<br>National Democratic Party or NDP<br>National Unity Party or UBP <br>New Cyprus Party or YKP<br>People's Party or HP <br>Rebirth Party or YDP<br>Republican Turkish Party or CTP<br>United Cyprus Party or BKP

Monday

18 years of age; universal

Yes

milk, potatoes, sheep milk, pork, goat milk, wheat, chicken, olives, grapes, barley (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Expenditures

$13.733 billion (2023 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Revenues

$14.39 billion (2023 est.)

code

EUR

name

euro (EUR) [€]

$-3,070,627,759

Current account balance 2022

-$2.178 billion (2022 est.)

Current account balance 2023

-$3.831 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance 2024

-$3.05 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

services-based, high-income EU island economy; heavy tourism; sustained growth between recovery of national banking system and COVID-19 trade restrictions; high living standards; a known financial hub, its stock exchange functions as an investment bridge between EU-and EEU-member countries

note

<strong>note: </strong>Even though the whole of the island is part of the EU, implementation of the EU "acquis communautaire" has been suspended in the area administered by Turkish Cypriots, known locally as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, until political conditions permit the reunification of the island. Its market-based economy is roughly one-fifth the size of its southern neighbor and is likewise dominated by the service sector with a large portion of the population employed by the government. Manufacturing is limited mainly to food and beverages, furniture and fixtures, construction materials, metal and non-metal products, textiles and clothing. Little trade exists with the Republic of Cyprus outside of construction, historically relying heavily upon Turkey for financial aid, defense, telecommunications, utilities, and postal services. The Turkish Lira is the preferred currency, though foreign currencies are widely accepted in business transactions.

Currency

euros (EUR) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2020

0.876 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

0.845 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

0.95 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

0.925 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2024

0.924 (2024 est.)

$36.51 billion

Exports 2022

$32.563 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$32.922 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2024

$35.12 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

ships, refined petroleum, packaged medicine, cheese, scented mixtures (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Libya 14%, Greece 11%, Lebanon 8%, Bermuda 7%, Marshall Islands 5% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

net inflows

$-50,364,142,878

Exports of goods and services

96.7% (2024 est.)

Government consumption

18.6% (2024 est.)

Household consumption

58.9% (2024 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-93.1% (2024 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

20.5% (2024 est.)

Investment in inventories

-1.6% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Agriculture

1.2% (2024 est.)

Industry

10.3% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Services

76.9% (2024 est.)

$36.333 billion (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate

$38,674

32.7 (2018)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022

31.5 (2022 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

$33.57 billion

$32,870

21 % of GDP

Highest 10%

26.2% (2022 est.)

Lowest 10%

3.6% (2022 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

$35.14 billion

Imports 2022

$31.486 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$32.556 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2024

$33.802 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

refined petroleum, ships, cars, packaged medicine, coal tar oil (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Greece 20%, UK 10%, Italy 7%, Turkey 6%, Spain 6% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

4.6% (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

tourism, food and beverage processing, cement and gypsum, ship repair and refurbishment, textiles, light chemicals, metal products, wood, paper, stone and clay products

note

<strong>note:</strong> area administered by Turkish Cypriots - foodstuffs, textiles, clothing, ship repair, clay, gypsum, copper, furniture

1.8%

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

8.4% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

3.5% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

1.8% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices

772,300 (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

total

770,268 persons

agriculture

2.15%

industry

16.27%

services

81.58%

13.9% (2021 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> % of population with income below national poverty line

Note

<strong>note:</strong> data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment

Public debt 2017

97.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

$61.31 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$47.085 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$48.386 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$50.055 billion (2024 est.)

3.94%

Note

<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

7.2% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

2.8% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

3.4% (2024 est.)

$63,007

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$51,600 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$52,200 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$53,300 (2024 est.)

$677.03 million

Note

<b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

2.1% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

1.7% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

1.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

$2.09 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$1.671 billion (2022 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$1.789 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$2.088 billion (2024 est.)

40 % of GDP

23 % of GDP

24.1% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

4.92%

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

6.9% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

6.1% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

5.7% (2024 est.)

Female

13.7% (2024 est.)

Male

17.4% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Total

15.6% (2024 est.)

Consumption

46,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Exports

71.6 metric tons (2022 est.)

Imports

22,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Consumption

5.197 billion kWh (2023 est.)

consumption per capita

3,842 kWh

Installed generating capacity

2.288 million kW (2023 est.)

Transmission/distribution losses

146.11 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electrification - total population

100% (2022 est.)

Biomass and waste

1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Fossil fuels

79.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

hydroelectric

0%

nuclear

0%

renewable

15.13%

Solar

16% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Wind

3.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

1,673 kg of oil equivalent

Total energy consumption per capita 2023

107.188 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Refined petroleum consumption

45,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

15.6%

per 100 inhabitants

39 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

39 (2023 est.)

Total

357,000 (2023 est.)

mix of state and privately run TV and radio; the public broadcaster operates 2 TV channels and 4 radio stations; 6 private TV broadcasters, satellite and cable TV services (including from Greece and Turkey), and a number of private radio stations; in areas administered by Turkish Cypriots, there are 2 public TV stations, 4 public radio stations, 7 privately owned TV stations and 21 privately owned radio stations, 6 radio and 4 TV channels at local universities, 1 military radio station, and 1 radio station for civil defense cooperation, as well as relay stations from Turkey (2019)

.cy

Percent of population

91% (2023 est.)

####

+357

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

25 (2024 est.)

Total subscriptions

245,000 (2024 est.)

subscriptions per 100

156 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

156 (2024 est.)

Total subscriptions

1.51 million (2024 est.)

passengers carried

724,062 passengers

registered carrier departures

6,815 departures

14 (2025)

5B

Left

68 (2025)

By type

bulk carrier 243, container ship 154, general cargo 211, oil tanker 47, other 350

Total

1,005 (2023)

Key ports

Dhekelia, Famagusta, Kyrenia, Larnaca, Limassol, Xeros

Large

0

Medium

0

Ports with oil terminals

4

Small

3

Total ports

6 (2024)

Very small

3

CY

established in 1964, the National Guard (EF) is responsible for ensuring Cyprus’s territorial integrity and sovereignty; its primary focus is Turkey, which invaded Cyprus in 1974 and maintains a large military presence in the unrecognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; the majority of the force is deployed along the “Green Line” that separates the Greek Cypriots from the Turkish Cypriots; the EF also participates in some internal missions, such as providing assistance during natural disasters; Greece is its primary security partner and maintains a military presence on Cyprus; the EF has conducted training exercises with other militaries including France, Israel, and the US; since Cyprus joined the EU in 2004, the EF has actively participated in the EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy and has sent small numbers of personnel to some EU and missions; Cyprus is also part of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe<br><br>the UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) has been deployed in Cyprus since 1964; its mandate includes supervising the de facto ceasefire that came into effect in August 1974 and maintaining a buffer zone between the lines of the Cypriot National Guard and of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot forces; UNFICYP has about 1,100 personnel assigned (2025)

Cypriot National Guard (Ethniki Froura, EF): Army, Navy, Air Force (2025)

active duty personnel

13,000

percent of total labor force

1.81 %

approximately 12-15,000 active Cypriot National Guard (2025)

the National Guard's inventory includes a mix of armaments from a variety of suppliers, including Brazil, Israel, Russia, several European countries, and the US (2025)

2 % of GDP

current USD

$598,185,756

Military Expenditures 2020

1.8% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military Expenditures 2021

1.8% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military Expenditures 2022

1.8% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military Expenditures 2023

1.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military Expenditures 2024

1.7% of GDP (2024 est.)

percent of central government expenditure

4.21 %

percent of GDP

1.65 % of GDP

all Cypriot men must complete 14 months of compulsory service upon reaching the age of 18; women may volunteer for 6 months of service at age 18; men and women may also enlist as contract soldiers up to age 42 (2025)

IDPs

244,944 (2024 est.)

Refugees

73,303 (2024 est.)

Stateless persons

130 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)

note

<strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

From coal and metallurgical coke

100,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids

6.737 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Total emissions

6.837 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

scarce water resources; salination; water pollution from sewage, industrial wastes, and pesticides; coastal degradation; erosion; loss of wildlife habitats from urbanization

Global geoparks and regional networks

Troodos (2023)

Total global geoparks and regional networks

1

Party to

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling

Signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

14.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

11 % of total land area

15 % of total

780 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

29 % of internal resources

Agricultural

177 million cubic meters (2022)

Industrial

17 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Municipal

112 million cubic meters (2022)

Municipal solid waste generated annually

769,500 tons (2024 est.)

Percent of municipal solid waste recycled

17.6% (2022 est.)