1986 Edition

Agriculture

main crops — maize, cotton, rice, sugar, and citrus fruits

animal husbandry predominates, with milk and dairy products accounting for 37% of farm income; main crops — grains, sugar beets, potatoes; 100% self-sufficient in grains and potatoes, 85% self-sufficient in sugar beets

Aid

economic commitments — Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF (1970-83), $340 million; US (FY70-84), $80 million

donor — ODA and OOF economic aid commitments (1970-83), $5.4 billion

Airfields

27 total, 27 usable; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659, 1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Branches

Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force, Royal Swaziland Police Force

legislative authority rests with unicameral parliament (Riksdag); executive power vested in Cabinet, responsible to parliament; Supreme Court, 6 superior courts, 108 lower courts

Budget

1984/85 (est.)— revenues, $204 million; current expenditures, $149 million

(1984/85) revenues $31.0 billion, expenditures $38.7 billion, deficit $7.7 billion

Capital

Stockholm

Civil air

6 major transport aircraft

Coastline

3,218 km People

Communists

VPK and SKP; VPK, the major Communist party, is reported to have roughly 17,800 members; in the 1985 election, the VPK attracted 293,543 votes; in addition, there are 4 other active Communist parties, including the SKP, for which membership figures are not available; in the 1985 elections, these parties obtained an additional 16,000 votes

Crude steel

4.7 million metric tons produced (1984), 564 kg per capita

Elections

every three years; next scheduled for September 1988 Political parties and leaders: Moderate Coalition (conservative), Ulf Adelsohn; Center, Karen Soder; Liberal People's Party, Bengt Westerberg; Social Democratic, Ingvar Carlsson; Left Party-Communist (VPK), Lars Werner; Swedish Communist Party (SKP), Roland Pettersson; Communist Workers' Party, Rolf Hagel

Electric power

60,000 kW capacity (1985); 84 million kWh produced (1985), 125 kWh per capita

38,956,000 kW capacity (1985); 129.6 billion kWh produced (1985), 15,543 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

homogeneous white population; small Lappish minority; est. 12% foreign born or first generation immigrants (Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks)

Exports

$360 million (f.o.b., 1984); sugar, asbestos, wood and forest products, citrus, and canned fruit

$29.0 billion (f.o.b., 1984); machinery, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals, petroleum and petroleum products

Fiscal year

1 April-31 March Communications

1 July-30 June Communications

Fishing

catch 285,000 metric tons (1984), exports $77 million, imports $196.0 million

GDP

$96.0 billion, $1 1,510 per capita (1984); 51.9% private consumption, 28.8% government consumption, 12.9% private investment; 6.0% public investment; — 1.0% change in stock building; 1.4% net exports of goods and services; 1984 growth rate, 3.3%

GNP

approximately $478 million (1984), about $900 per capita; real growth 11% (1984)

Government leaders

CARL XVI Gustaf, King (since September 1973); Ingvar CARLSSON, Prime Minister (since March 1986)

Highways

2,853 km total; 510 km paved, 1,230 km crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil, and 1,1 13 km improved earth

Imports

$498 million (f.o.b., 1984); motor vehicles, chemicals, petroleum products, and foodstuffs

$26.33 billion (c.i.f., 1984); machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor vehicles, foodstuffs, iron and steel, clothing

Infant mortality rate

7/1,000 (1983)

Labor force

4.41 million (1984); 32.8% private services; 30.0% government services; 22.0% mining and manufacturing; 5.9% construction; 5.0% agriculture, forestry, and fishing; 0.9% electricity, gas, and waterworks; 3. 1 % unemployed (1984 average)

Land boundaries

2,196 km Water

Language

Swedish, small Lappand Finnish-speaking minorities; immigrants speak native languages

Legal system

civil law system influenced by customary law; a new constitution was adopted in 1975 replacing the Acts of 1809, 1866, and 1949; legal education at Universities of Lund, Stockholm, and Uppsala; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Life expectancy

men 75, women 81

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

12 nm (fishing 200 nm)

Literacy

99%

Major industries

iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles

Major industry

mining, pulping

Major trade partners

South Africa, UK, US; member of South African Customs Union

EC 50.2%, other developed 34.9%, non-OPEC less developed countries 5.5%, OPEC 4.5%, CEMA 4.9% (1984)

Member of

AfDB, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTERPOL, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, SADCC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO Economy

ADB, Council of Europe, DAC, EC (Free Trade Agreement), EFTA, ESRO, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICES, ICO, IDA, IDE— Inter-American Development Bank.lEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, INTELSAT, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IPU, ISO, ITU, IWC— International Whaling Commission, IWC — International Wheat Council, Nordic Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG Economy

Military manpower

males 15-49, 151,000; 87,000 fit for military service Turnaby, Gbteboi Kattegat Mai mo' Land 449,964 km2; larger than Calitornia; 55% forest, 7% arable, 2% meadow and pasture, 36% other

Monetary conversion rate

the Swazi lilangeni exchanges at par with the South African rand; 2.3 emalangeni=US$l (29 January 1986)

7.8 kronor=US$l (November 1985 average)

National holiday

no national holiday; King's birthday, 30 April, celebrated as such by Swedish embassies

Nationality

noun — Swede(s); adjective — Swedish

Natural resources

asbestos, coal, clay, tin, diamonds, hydroelelectric power, forests

zinc, iron, lead, copper, silver, gold, forests, hydroelectric power

Official name

Kingdom of Sweden

Organized labor

90% of labor force (1985 est.) Government

Political subdivisions

24 counties, 284 municipalities (townships)

Population

8,357,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 0. 1 %

Railroads

515 km 1.067-meter gauge, single track

12,518 km total; Swedish State Railways (SJ)— 11,179km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 6,959 km electrified and 1,152 km double track; 182 km 0.891-meter gauge; 117 km rail ferry service; privately owned railways — 511 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 332 km electrified; 371 km 0.891 -meter gauge electrified

Religion

93.5% Evangelical Lutheran, 1.0% Roman Catholic, 5.5% other

Shortages

coal, petroleum, textile fibers, potash, salt, oils and fats, tropical products

Suffrage

universal but not compulsory over age 18; after three years of legal residence immigrants may vote in county and municipal but not national elections

Telecommunications

system consists of carrier-equipped openwire lines and low capacity radio-relay links; 15,400 telephones (2.3 per 100 popl.); 4 AM, 8 FM, 1 1 TV stations; Atlantic Ocean satellite station Defense Forces

Type

constitutional monarchy

Voting strength

(1985 election) 45.0% Social Democratic, 21.3% Moderate Coalition, 12.5% Center (includes votes for Christian Democratic Alliance), 14.3% Liberal, 5.4% Communist, 1.5% other