1981 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1981 (Internet Archive)
Geography
Area
'"NICARAGUA..1
Economy
Agriculture
main crops — bananas, rice, corn, coffee, sugarcane; self-sufficient in most basic foods; 2,341 calories per day per capita (1977)
Aid
economic — US, authorized, including Ex-Im (FY7080), $350.6 million; other Western countries, ODA and OOF (1970-79), $383.0 million; military— US (FY70-80), $12 million
Budget
(1980 est.) $1,015 million in revenues, $1,215 million in expenditures
Electric power
550,000 kW capacity (1980); 1.812 billion kWh produced (1980), 935 kWh per capita
Exports
$411 million (f.o.b., 1980); bananas, petroleum products, shrimp, sugar, coffee
Fiscal year
calendar year
Fishing
catch 113,768 metric tons (1978); exports $27.7 million (1977)
GNP
$3,004 million (1980), $1,580 per capita; 63% private consumption, 18% government consumption, 28% gross fixed investment, —7% net foreign balance (1978); real growth (1980), 4.9%
Imports
$1,280 million (f.o.b., 1980); manufactures, transportation equipment, crude petroleum, chemicals, foodstuffs
Major industries
food processing, metal products, construction materials, petroleum products, clothing, furniture
Major trade partners
exports — 65% US, 11% Panama Canal Zone, 11% West Germany, 3% Italy, 11% Central America, 4% Netherlands; imports— 33% US, 15% Ecuador, 6% Venezuela, 9% Colon Free Zone, 5% Japan, 3% West Germany (1978)
Monetary conversion rate
1 balboa=US$l (official)
Communications
Airfields
151 total, 150 usable; 39 with permanentsurface runways; 2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 16 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Civil air
16 major transport aircraft, including 1 leased in
Highways
8,400 km total; 2,715 km paved, 3,170 km gravel or crushed stone, 2,515 km improved and unimproved earth
Inland waterways
800 km navigable by shallow draft vessels; 82 km Panama Canal
Military manpower
males 15-49, 499,000; 344,000 fit for military service; no conscription PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Pipelines
refined products, 96 km
Ports
2 major (Cristobal/Colon/Coco Solo, Balboa/ Panama City), 10 minor
Railroads
192 km total; 78 km 1.524-meter gauge, 114 km 0.914-meter gauge
Telecommunications
domestic and international telecom facilities well developed; connection into Central American microwave net; Atlantic Ocean satellite ground station; 157,000 telephones (8.4 per 100 popl.); 90 AM, 30 FM, and 13 TV stations; 1 coaxial submarine cable 1 DEFENSE FORCES