1981 Edition

Area

582,750 km2; about 21% forest and woodland, 13% suitable for agriculture, 66% mainly grassland adequate for grazing (1971)

Budget

(1981) revenues $146.0 million; current expenditures $146.0 million, development expenditures $32.3 million

Coastline

536 km

External debt

$170 million (1980), external debt ratio 3.8% (1980)

Fiscal year

calendar year

Land boundaries

3,368 km

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

12 nm (fishing 200 nm; exclusive economic zones 200 nm)

Monetary conversion rate

92.84 Rwanda francs=US$l (official), 1979

Ethnic divisions

97% native African (including Bantu Nilotic, Hamitic and Nilo-Hamitic); 2% Asian; 1% Europe -.1, Arab, and others

Labor force

5.4 million; about 900,000, in monetary economy

Language

English and Swahili official; each tribe has own language

Literacy

27%

Nationality

noun — Kenyan(s); adjective — Kenyan

Organized labor

about 390,000

Population

17,832,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 4.1%

Religion

56% Christian, 36% animist, 7% Muslim, 1% Hindu

Branches

President and Cabinet responsible to unicameral legislature (National Assembly) of 170 seats, 158 directly elected by constituencies and 12 appointed by the President; Assembly must be reelected at least every five years; High Court, with Chief Justice and at least 11 justices, has unlimited original jurisdiction to hear and determine any civil or criminal proceeding; provision for systems of courts of appeal

Capital

Nairobi

Communists

may be a few Communists and sympathizers

Elections

general election (held November 1979) elected present National Assembly and President Political party and leaders: Kenya Africa National Union (KANU), president, Daniel arap Moi

Government leader

President Daniel T. arap MOI

Legal system

based on English common law, tribal law and Islamic law; constitution enacted 1963; judicial review in Supreme Court; legal education at Kenya School of Law in Nairobi; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Member of

AFDB, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMCO, IMF, ISO, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, NAM, OAU, UN, UNDP, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

National holiday

12 December

Official name

Republic of Kenya

Other political or pressure groups

labor unions

Political subdivisions

7 provinces plus Nairobi area

Suffrage

universal over age 21

Type

republic within Commonwealth since December

Voting strength

KANU holds all seats in the National Assembly

Agriculture

main cash crops — coffee, sisal, tea, pyrethrum, cotton, livestock; food crops — corn, wheat, sugarcane, rice, cassava; largely self-sufficient in food

Electric power

481,000 kW capacity (1981); 1.5 billion kWh produced (1981), 90 kWh per capita

Exports

$1,168.8 million (f.o.b., 1980); coffee, tea, livestock products, pyrethrum, soda ash, wattle-bark tanning extract

GDP

$4.3 billion (1980), $340 per capita; real average annual growth rate, 4.8% (1970-78)

Imports

$2,233.7 million (c.i.f., 1980); machinery, transport equipment, crude oil, paper and paper products, iron and steel products, and textiles

Major industries

small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, agricultural processing, cigarettes, flour), oil refining, cement, tourism

Major trade partners

EC, Japan, Iran, US, Zambia,

Airfields

216 total, 194 usable; 12 with permanentsurface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m, 4 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 43 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

8 total, 8 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 2 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Civil air

13 major transport aircraft, including 2 leased in

3 major transport aircraft

Highways

52,250 km total; 5,542 km paved, 16,500 km gravel, 29,550 km improved earth, remainder unimproved earth

9,020 km total; 460 km paved, 2,700 km gravel and/or improved earth, remainder unimproved

Inland waterways

part of Lake Victoria and Lake Rudolph systems are within boundaries of Kenya

Lake Kivu navigable by barges and native craft

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 30 June 1980, $168.6 million; about 8% of central government budget KIRIBATI (formerly Gilbert Islands) Pacific Ocean UNITED'' STATES

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1981, $22.1 million; 14% of central government budget

Military manpower

males 15-49, 3,463,000; 2,130,000 fit for military service; no conscription

males 15-49, 1,151,000; 583,000 fit for military service; no conscription

Pipelines

refined products, 483 km

Ports

1 major (Mombasa)

Railroads

2,040 km meter gauge (1.00 m)

none

Telecommunications

in top group of African systems; consists of radio-relay links, open-wire lines, and radiocommunication stations; 168,200 telephones (1.1 per 100 popl.); 9 AM, 2 FM, and 4 TV stations; Atlantic and Indian Ocean satellite service from 1 station DEFENSE FORCES

fair system with low-capacity radio-relay system centered on Kigali; 4,600 telephones (0.1 per 100 popl.); 2 AM, 1 FM, no TV stations; SYMPHONIE satellite station, INTELSAT terminal under construction DEFENSE FORCES