Jordan

<p>After World War I and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, the League of Nations awarded Britain the mandate to govern much of the Middle East. In 1921, Britain demarcated from Palestine a semi-autonomous region of Transjordan and recognized ABDALLAH I from the Hashemite family as the country's first leader. The Hashemites also controlled the Hijaz, or the western coastal area of modern-day Saudi Arabia, until 1925, when IBN SAUD and Wahhabi tribes pushed them out. The country gained its independence in 1946 and thereafter became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.</p> The country has had four kings. Long-time ruler King HUSSEIN (r. 1953-99) successfully navigated competing pressures from the major powers (US, UK, and Soviet Union), various Arab states, Israel, and Palestinian militants, the latter of which led to a brief civil war in 1970 that is known as "Black September" and ended in King HUSSEIN ousting the militants.<br><br>Jordan's borders have changed since it gained independence. In 1948, Jordan took control of the West Bank and East Jerusalem in the first Arab-Israeli War, eventually annexing those territories in 1950 and granting its new Palestinian residents Jordanian citizenship. In 1967, Jordan lost the West Bank and East Jerusalem to Israel in the Six-Day War but retained administrative claims to the West Bank until 1988, when King HUSSEIN permanently relinquished Jordanian claims to the West Bank in favor of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). King HUSSEIN signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1994, after Israel and the PLO signed the Oslo Accords in 1993.<br><br>Jordanian kings continue to claim custodianship of the Muslim holy sites in Jerusalem by virtue of their Hashemite heritage as descendants of the Prophet Mohammad and agreements with Israel and Jerusalem-based religious and Palestinian leaders. After Israel captured East Jerusalem in the 1967 War, it authorized the Jordanian-controlled Islamic Trust, or Waqf, to continue administering the Al Haram ash Sharif/Temple Mount holy compound, and the Jordan-Israel peace treaty reaffirmed Jordan's "special role" in administering the Muslim holy shrines in Jerusalem. Jordanian kings claim custodianship of the Christian sites in Jerusalem on the basis of the 7th-century Pact of Omar, when the Muslim leader, after conquering Jerusalem, agreed to permit Christian worship.<br><br>King HUSSEIN died in 1999 and was succeeded by his eldest son and current King ABDALLAH II. In 2009, ABDALLAH II designated his son HUSSEIN as the Crown Prince. During his reign, ABDALLAH II has contended with a series of challenges, including the Arab Spring influx of refugees from neighboring states, the COVID-19 pandemic, the effects of the war in Ukraine, a perennially weak economy, and the Israel-HAMAS conflict that began in October 2023.

Land

88,802 sq km

Total

89,342 sq km

Water

540 sq km

about three-quarters the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Indiana

mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)

26 km

Asia

Highest point

Jabal Umm ad Dami 1,854 m

Lowest point

Dead Sea -431 m

Mean elevation

812 m

31 00 N, 36 00 E

strategic location at the head of the Gulf of Aqaba; the Arab country that shares the longest border with Israel and the West Bank; the Dead Sea, the lowest point in Asia and the second saltiest body of water in the world (after Lac Assal in Djibouti), lies on Jordan's western border with Israel and the West Bank; Jordan is almost landlocked but does have a 26 km southwestern coastline with a single port, Al 'Aqabah (Aqaba)

875 sq km (2022)

Border countries

Iraq 179 km; Israel 307 km; Saudi Arabia 731 km; Syria 379 km; West Bank 148 km

number of neighbors

5

Total

1,744 km

Agricultural land

11.5% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 2.3% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 0.9% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 8.4% (2023 est.)

arable land

2.3%

Forest

0.8% (2023 est.)

Other

87.7% (2023 est.)

permanent crops

0.94%

No

Middle East, northwest of Saudi Arabia, between Israel (to the west) and Iraq

Arabian Aquifer System

Salt water lake(s)

Dead Sea (shared with Israel and West Bank) - 1,020 sq km<br>note - endorheic hypersaline lake; 9.6 times saltier than the ocean; lake shore is 431 meters below sea level

Indian Ocean drainage

<em>(Persian Gulf)</em> Tigris and Euphrates (918,044 sq km)

Google Maps

https://goo.gl/maps/ko1dzSDKg8Gsi9A98

OpenStreetMap

https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/184818

Middle East

Territorial sea

3 nm

droughts; periodic earthquakes; flash floods

phosphates, potash, shale oil

population heavily concentrated in the west, and particularly the northwest, in and around the capital of Amman; a sizeable but smaller population is located in the southwest along the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Western Asia

mostly arid desert plateau; a great north-south geological rift along the west of the country is the dominant topographical feature and includes the Jordan River Valley, the Dead Sea, and the Jordanian Highlands

UTC+03:00

number of time zones

1

0-14 years

30.9% (male 1,771,840/female 1,678,178)

15-64 years

64.9% (male 3,844,575/female 3,409,164)

65 years and over

4.2% (2024 est.) (male 228,564/female 241,703)

Beer

0.06 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Spirits

0.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Total

0.25 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Wine

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

21.9 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Men married by age 18

0.1% (2018)

Women married by age 15

1.5% (2018)

Women married by age 18

9.7% (2018)

8.2%

2.5% (2023 est.)

56% (2018 est.)

3.5 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

adult female

57 per 1,000

adult male

87 per 1,000

Elderly dependency ratio

6.7 (2025 est.)

Potential support ratio

14.9 (2025 est.)

Total dependency ratio

53.3 (2025 est.)

Youth dependency ratio

46.6 (2025 est.)

improved total

88.95%

Improved: rural

rural: 97% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 99% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: urban

urban: 99.1% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 3% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 1% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 0.9% of population (2022 est.)

Education expenditure (% GDP)

3.5% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure (% national budget)

11.7% national budget (2024 est.)

4 % of GDP

Jordanian 69.3%, Syrian 13.3%, Palestinian 6.7%, Egyptian 6.7%, Iraqi 1.4%, other 2.6% (2015 est.)

note

<strong>note:</strong> data represent population by self-identified nationality in national census

1.37 (2025 est.)

8 % of GDP

Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

7.3% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

7.6% of national budget (2022 est.)

0.01%

1.4 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Female

12.1 deaths/1,000 live births

Male

14.3 deaths/1,000 live births

neonatal

8 deaths/1,000 live births

Total

12.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Languages

Arabic (official), English (widely understood among upper and middle classes)

Major-language sample(s)

<br>كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

number of languages

1

Female

78.1 years

Male

75 years

Total population

76.5 years (2024 est.)

Female

92.3% (2023 est.)

Male

97.5% (2023 est.)

Total population

94.8% (2023 est.)

2.232 million AMMAN (capital) (2023)

31 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Female

24.4 years

Male

25.5 years

Total

25.4 years (2025 est.)

24.6 years (2017/18 est.)

note

<strong>note:</strong> data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Adjective

Jordanian

Noun

Jordanian(s)

-1.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

35.5% (2016)

2.85 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Female

5,403,654

Male

5,908,853

Total

11,312,507 (2025 est.)

1.68% (2025 est.)

Muslim 97.1% (official; predominantly Sunni), Christian 2.1% (majority Greek Orthodox, but some Greek and Roman Catholics, Syrian Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox, and Protestant denominations), Buddhist 0.4%, Hindu 0.1%, Jewish &lt;0.1%, folk &lt;0.1%, other &lt;0.1%, unaffiliated &lt;0.1% (2020 est.)

improved total

80.08%

Improved: rural

rural: 97.9% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 98.8% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: urban

urban: 98.9% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 2.1% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 1.2% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 1.1% of population (2022 est.)

Female

14 years (2023 est.)

Male

13 years (2023 est.)

Total

13 years (2023 est.)

0-14 years

1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years

1.13 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.95 male(s)/female

At birth

1.06 male(s)/female

Total population

1.1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Female

13.9% (2025 est.)

Male

58.6% (2025 est.)

Total

37.1% (2025 est.)

2.83 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Rate of urbanization

0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Urban population

92% of total population (2023)

measles

99%

12 governorates (<em>muhafazat</em>, singular - <em>muhafazah</em>); 'Ajlun, Al 'Aqabah, Al Balqa', Al Karak, Al Mafraq, Al ‘Asimah (Amman), At Tafilah, Az Zarqa', Irbid, Jarash, Ma'an, Madaba

Etymology

in the 13th century B.C., the Ammonites named their primary city Rabbath Ammon; <em>rabbath </em>meant "capital," so the name translated as "The Capital of [the] Ammon[ites];" over time, the name was shortened to Ammon, and then to Amman

Geographic coordinates

31 57 N, 35 56 E

Name

Amman

Time difference

UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Citizenship by birth

no

Citizenship by descent only

the father must be a citizen of Jordan

Dual citizenship recognized

yes

Residency requirement for naturalization

15 years

svg

https://mainfacts.com/media/images/coats_of_arms/jo.svg

Amendment process

constitutional amendments require at least a two-thirds majority vote of both the Senate and the House and ratification by the king

History

previous 1928 (pre-independence); latest initially adopted 28 November 1947, revised and ratified 1 January 1952

alternative spellings

JO, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, al-Mamlakah al-Urdunīyah al-Hāshimīyah

Conventional long form

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Conventional short form

Jordan

Etymology

named for the Jordan River, which makes up part of Jordan's northwest border; the origin of the river's name is unclear, but it may come from a local word meaning "river"

FIFA code

JOR

Former

Transjordan

Local long form

Al Mamlakah al Urduniyah al Hashimiyah

local long form (ara)

المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية

Local short form

Al Urdun

Chief of mission

Ambassador James HOLTSNIDER (since 7 December 2025)

Email address and website

<br>Amman-ACS@state.gov<br><br>https://jo.usembassy.gov/

Embassy

Abdoun, Al-Umawyeen St., Amman

FAX

[962] (6) 592-0163

Mailing address

6050 Amman Place, Washington DC&nbsp; 20521-6050

Telephone

[962] (6) 590-6000

Chancery

3504 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008

Chief of mission

Ambassador Dina Khalil Tawfiq KAWAR (since 27 June 2016)

Email address and website

<br>hkjconsular@jordanembassyus.org<br><br>http://www.jordanembassyus.org/

FAX

[1] (202) 966-3110

Telephone

[1] (202) 966-2664

Cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the monarch in consultation with the prime minister

Chief of state

King ABDALLAH II (since 7 February 1999)

Election/appointment process

prime minister appointed by the monarch

Head of government

Prime Minister Jafar HASSAN (since 15 September 2024)

<strong>description:</strong> three equal horizontal bands of black (top), white, and green; a red isosceles triangle is on the left side, with a small white seven-pointed star in the center<br><br><strong>meaning:</strong> black stands for the Abbassid Caliphate, white for the Ummayyad Caliphate, and green for the Fatimid Caliphate; the triangle stands for the Great Arab Revolt of 1916, and the star's points for the seven verses of the opening Sura (Al-Fatiha) of the Quran, as well as faith in One God, humanity, national spirit, humility, social justice, virtue, and aspirations<br><br><strong>history:</strong> the design is based on the Arab Revolt flag of World War I

The flag of Jordan is composed of three equal horizontal bands of black, white and green, with a red isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the field. This triangle has its base on the hoist end, spans about half the width of the field and bears a small seven-pointed white star at its center.

svg

https://flagcdn.com/jo.svg

parliamentary constitutional monarchy

25 May 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration)

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAM, NATO (partner), OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Highest court(s)

Court of Cassation or Supreme Court (consists of 15 members, including the chief justice); Constitutional Court (consists of&nbsp;9 members)

Judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the king; other judges nominated by the Judicial Council, an 11-member judicial policymaking body consisting of high-level judicial officials and judges, and approved by the king; judge tenure not limited; Constitutional Court members appointed by the king for 6-year non-renewable terms with one third of the membership renewed every 2 years

Subordinate courts

Courts of Appeal; Great Felonies Court; religious courts; military courts; juvenile courts; Land Settlement Courts; Income Tax Court; Higher Administrative Court; Customs Court; special courts including the State Security Court

mixed system developed from Ottoman Empire codes (based on French law), British common law, and Islamic law

Legislative structure

bicameral

Legislature name

National Assembly (Majlis Al-Umma)

Chamber name

House of Representatives (Majlis Al-Nuwaab)

Electoral system

mixed system

Expected date of next election

September 2028

Most recent election date

9/10/2024

Note

<strong>note:</strong> the total number of Chamber of Deputies' seats increased to 138 from 130 for the September 2024 election

Number of seats

138 (all directly elected)

Percentage of women in chamber

19.6%

Scope of elections

full renewal

Term in office

4 years

Chamber name

Senate (Majlis Al-Aayan)

Expected date of next election

October 2028

Most recent election date

10/24/2024

Number of seats

69 (all appointed)

Percentage of women in chamber

14.5%

Scope of elections

full renewal

Term in office

4 years

black, white, green, red

Selected World Heritage Site locales

Petra (c); Quseir Amra (c); Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) (c); Wadi Rum Protected Area (m); Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) (c); As-Salt - The Place of Tolerance and Urban Hospitality (c); Umm Al-Jimāl (c)

Total World Heritage Sites

7 (6 cultural, 1 mixed)

Independence Day, 25 May (1946)

eagle

'Azem<br>Blessed Land Party<br>Building and Labor Coalition<br>Eradah Party <br>Growth Party<br>Islamic Action Front or IAF<br>Jordanian al-Ansar Party<br>Jordanian al-Ghad Party<br>Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party or JASBP <br>Jordanian Civil Democratic Party<br>Jordanian Communist Party or JCP<br>Jordanian Equality Party<br>Jordanian Democratic People's Party or HASD<br>Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party or JDPUP/Wihda<br>Jordanian Democratic Unionist Party<br>Jordanian Flame Party<br>Jordanian Future and Life Party<br>Jordanian Model Party<br>Jordanian National Integration Party<br>Jordanian National Loyalty Party<br>Jordanian Reform and Renewal Party or Hassad<br>Jordanian Shura Party <br>Jordanian Social Democratic Party or JSDP<br>Justice and Reform Party or JRP <br>Labor Party<br>National Charter Party<br>National Coalition Party <br>National Constitutional Party<br>National Current Party or NCP<br>National Islamic Party<br>National Union<br>Nationalist Movement Party or Hsq<br>New Path Party <br>Progress Party

Sunday

18 years of age; universal

Yes

tomatoes, milk, chicken, potatoes, olives, cucumbers/gherkins, onions, chillies/peppers, peaches/nectarines, sheep milk (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

On alcohol and tobacco

4.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

On food

25% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Expenditures

$17.159 billion (2023 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> central government revenues and expenditures (excluding grants and social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Revenues

$13.779 billion (2023 est.)

code

JOD

name

Jordanian dinar (JOD) [د.ا]

$-3,126,507,042

Current account balance 2021

-$3.718 billion (2021 est.)

Current account balance 2022

-$3.815 billion (2022 est.)

Current account balance 2023

-$1.91 billion (2023 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

$46.97 billion

Debt - external 2023

$21.058 billion (2023 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> present value of external debt in current US dollars

<p>upper-middle-income Middle Eastern economy; high debt and unemployment, especially for youth and women; global events triggering trade slump and decreased revenue from tourism; growing manufacturing and agricultural sectors; key US foreign assistance recipient; natural-resource-poor and import-reliant </p>

Currency

Jordanian dinars (JOD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2020

0.71 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

0.71 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

0.71 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

0.71 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2024

0.71 (2024 est.)

$22.73 billion

Exports 2021

$13.87 billion (2021 est.)

Exports 2022

$20.743 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$22.186 billion (2023 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

fertilizers, garments, phosphates, jewelry, phosphoric acid (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars

USA 21%, India 13%, Saudi Arabia 11%, China 7%, Iraq 6% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

net inflows

$1.63 billion

Exports of goods and services

30% (2021 est.)

Government consumption

15.8% (2021 est.)

Household consumption

78.9% (2021 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-50.4% (2021 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

22.2% (2021 est.)

Investment in inventories

3% (2021 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Agriculture

5.1% (2024 est.)

Industry

25.1% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Services

60.4% (2024 est.)

$53.352 billion (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate

$4,618

33.7 (2010)

$52.13 billion

$4,430

25 % of GDP

$30.45 billion

Imports 2021

$23.321 billion (2021 est.)

Imports 2022

$30.019 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$28.922 billion (2023 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

cars, refined petroleum, gold, crude petroleum, jewelry (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars

China 17%, Saudi Arabia 14%, UAE 8%, India 6%, USA 5% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

3.7% (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

tourism, information technology, clothing, fertilizer, potash, phosphate mining, pharmaceuticals, petroleum refining, cement, inorganic chemicals, light manufacturing

1.56%

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

4.2% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

2.1% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

1.6% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices

3.08 million (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

total

3.22 million persons

agriculture

3.12%

industry

16.13%

services

80.76%

15.7% (2018 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> % of population with income below national poverty line

103 % of GDP

Note

<b>note:</b> central government debt as a % of GDP

Public debt 2023

102.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

$125.02 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$104.307 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$107.315 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$109.986 billion (2024 est.)

2.49%

Note

<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

2.6% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

2.9% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

2.5% (2024 est.)

$10,821

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$9,300 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$9,400 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$9,500 (2024 est.)

$4.43 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

11% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

10.1% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

8.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

$21.94 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$18.198 billion (2022 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$19.069 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$21.939 billion (2024 est.)

23 % of GDP

17 % of GDP

17% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

16.54%

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

18.2% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

18% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

18% (2024 est.)

Female

49.2% (2024 est.)

Male

39.8% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Total

41.7% (2024 est.)

Consumption

269,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Imports

110,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Consumption

20.31 billion kWh (2023 est.)

consumption per capita

1,791 kWh

Exports

162.93 million kWh (2023 est.)

Imports

383.073 million kWh (2023 est.)

Installed generating capacity

6.891 million kW (2023 est.)

Transmission/distribution losses

2.472 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electrification - rural areas

98.9%

Electrification - total population

100% (2022 est.)

Electrification - urban areas

100%

Fossil fuels

76.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

hydroelectric

0.08%

Hydroelectricity

0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

nuclear

0%

renewable

24.92%

Solar

15.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Wind

7.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

754 kg of oil equivalent

Total energy consumption per capita 2023

32.909 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Consumption

5.441 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Exports

375.998 million cubic meters (2018 est.)

Imports

4.865 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Production

200.004 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Proven reserves

6.031 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Crude oil estimated reserves

1 million barrels (2021 est.)

Refined petroleum consumption

97,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Total petroleum production

20 bbl/day (2023 est.)

11.5%

per 100 inhabitants

7 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

7 (2023 est.)

Total

805,000 (2023 est.)

radio and TV dominated by the government-owned Jordan Radio and Television Corporation (JRTV) that operates a main network, a sports network, a film network, and a satellite channel; first independent TV broadcaster aired in 2007; international satellite TV and Israeli and Syrian TV broadcasts are available; roughly 30 radio stations; transmissions of multiple international radio broadcasters are available

.jo

Percent of population

93% (2023 est.)

#####

+962

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

4 (2023 est.)

Total subscriptions

451,000 (2023 est.)

subscriptions per 100

68 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

70 (2024 est.)

Total subscriptions

8.05 million (2024 est.)

passengers carried

3.73 million passengers

registered carrier departures

34,667 departures

18 (2025)

JY

Right

6 (2025)

By type

general cargo 5, other 29

Total

34 (2023)

Key ports

Al Aqabah

Large

0

Medium

0

Ports with oil terminals

1

Small

0

Total ports

1 (2024)

Very small

1

Narrow gauge

509 km (2014) 1.050-m gauge

Total

509 km (2020)

HKJ

armored vehicles

tanks

the Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF) are responsible for territorial defense and border security and have a supporting role for internal security; key areas of concern include regional conflict and instability and unconventional threats, such as terrorism and weapons smuggling; the JAF participates in both bilateral and multinational exercises, UN peacekeeping missions, and have taken part in regional military operations alongside international forces in Afghanistan, Syria, and Yemen<br><br>the US is a key security partner, and Jordan is one of the largest recipients of US military aid in the region; it cooperates with the US on a number of issues, including border security, arms transfers, cybersecurity, and counterterrorism; Jordan has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation (2025)

Jordanian Armed Forces (JAF; aka Arab Army): Jordanian Army (Jordanian Ground Forces; includes Special Operations Forces, Border Guards, Royal Guard), Jordanian Air Force, Jordanian Navy)  <br><br>Ministry of Interior: Public Security Directorate (includes national police, the Gendarmerie, and the Civil Defense Directorate) (2025)

active duty personnel

116,000

percent of total labor force

3.98 %

approximately 100,000 active duty Armed Forces (2025)

140 Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) (2025)

the JAF inventory is comprised of mostly older or secondhand equipment provided by China, some European countries, select Gulf States, Russia, and the US (2025)

5 % of GDP

current USD

$2,560,281,690

Military Expenditures 2020

5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military Expenditures 2021

5% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military Expenditures 2022

4.8% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military Expenditures 2023

4.5% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military Expenditures 2024

4.5% of GDP (2024 est.)

percent of central government expenditure

14.35 %

percent of GDP

4.80 % of GDP

17 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; initial service term is 24 months; selective compulsory military service (3 months) for men turning 18 will be reinstated in 2026; compulsory military service for jobless men aged 25-29 was reinstated in 2020 (12 months; 3 months of military training and 9 months of professional and technical training) (2025)

PowerIndex score

1.5581

Refugees

675,388 (2024 est.)

Stateless persons

17 (2024 est.)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)

note

<strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

From coal and metallurgical coke

627,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From consumed natural gas

8.544 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids

13.264 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Total emissions

22.434 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

limited natural freshwater resources; declining water table; salination; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; biodiversity and ecosystem damage/loss

Party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

Signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

Agriculture

25.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Energy

12.2 kt (2022-2024 est.)

Other

0.6 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste

188.2 kt (2019-2021 est.)

26.3 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

5 % of total land area

25 % of total

937 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

139 % of internal resources

Agricultural

570.61 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Industrial

36.88 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Municipal

497.37 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Municipal solid waste generated annually

2.53 million tons (2024 est.)

Percent of municipal solid waste recycled

14.6% (2022 est.)