Chile

Indigenous groups inhabited central and southern Chile for several thousand years, living in mixed pastoralist and settled communities. The Inca then ruled the north of the country for nearly a century prior to the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century. In 1541, the Spanish established the Captaincy General of Chile, which lasted until Chile declared its independence in 1810. The subsequent struggle with the Spanish became tied to other South American independence conflicts, with a decisive victory not being achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-83), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia to win its current northernmost regions. By the 1880s, the Chilean central government cemented its control over the central and southern regions inhabited by Mapuche Indigenous peoples. Between 1891 and 1973, a series of elected governments succeeded each other until the Marxist government of Salvador ALLENDE was overthrown in 1973 in a military coup led by General Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until a democratically elected president was inaugurated in 1990. Economic reforms that were maintained consistently since the 1980s contributed to steady growth, reduced poverty rates by over half, and helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation.

Land

743,812 sq km

Note

<strong>note:</strong> includes Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) and Isla Sala y Gomez

Total

756,102 sq km

Water

12,290 sq km

slightly smaller than twice the size of Montana

temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south

6,435 km

South America

Highest point

Nevado Ojos del Salado 6,893 m (highest volcano in the world)

Lowest point

Pacific Ocean 0 m

Mean elevation

1,871 m

30 00 S, 71 00 W

<strong>note 1:</strong> Chile is the longest country north-to-south in the world, extending across 39 degrees of latitude<br><br><strong>note 2:</strong> Chile is one of the countries along the Ring of Fire, which is a belt bordering the Pacific Ocean that contains about 75% of the world's volcanoes and up to 90% of the world's earthquakes<br><br><strong>note 3:</strong> the Atacama Desert in the north of Chile is the driest desert in the world; Ojos del Salado (6,893 m) in the Atacama Desert is the highest active volcano in the world, Chile's tallest mountain, and the second-highest in the Western Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere; the volcano's small crater lake is the world's highest lake at 6,390 m

9,094 sq km (2022)

Border countries

Argentina 6,691 km; Bolivia 942 km; Peru 168 km

number of neighbors

3

Total

7,801 km

Agricultural land

14.4% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 0.7% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 11.8% (2023 est.)

arable land

1.89%

Forest

24.5% (2023 est.)

Other

61.1% (2023 est.)

permanent crops

0.68%

No

Southern South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Argentina and Peru

Fresh water lake(s)

Lago General Carrera (shared with Argentina) - 2,240 sq km; Lago O'Higgins (shared with Argentina) - 1,010 sq km; Lago Llanquihue - 800 sq km; Lago Fagnano (shared with Argentina) - 590 sq km

Google Maps

https://goo.gl/maps/XboxyNHh2fAjCPNn9

OpenStreetMap

https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/167454

South America

Contiguous zone

24 nm

Continental shelf

200/350 nm

Exclusive economic zone

200 nm

Territorial sea

12 nm

severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis <br><br><strong>volcanism:</strong> significant volcanic activity due to more than three-dozen active volcanoes along the Andes Mountains; Lascar (5,592 m), which last erupted in 2007, is the most active volcano in the northern Chilean Andes; Llaima (3,125 m) in central Chile, which last erupted in 2009, is another of the country's most active; Chaiten's 2008 eruption forced major evacuations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Cerro Hudson, Calbuco, Copahue, Guallatiri, Llullaillaco, Nevados de Chillan, Puyehue, San Pedro, and Villarrica; see note 2 under "Geography - note"

copper, timber, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum, hydropower

90% of the population is located in the middle third of the country around the capital of Santiago; the far north, including the Atacama Desert, and the extreme south are relatively underpopulated

South America

low coastal mountains, fertile central valley, rugged Andes in east

UTC-06:00, UTC-04:00

number of time zones

2

0-14 years

19.2% (male 1,822,908/female 1,751,528)

15-64 years

67.3% (male 6,274,620/female 6,278,467)

65 years and over

13.6% (2024 est.) (male 1,072,208/female 1,464,921)

Beer

2.76 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Other alcohols

0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Spirits

2.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Total

7.8 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Wine

2.61 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

8.81 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

48.5% (2022 est.)

6.79 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

adult female

57 per 1,000

adult male

98 per 1,000

Elderly dependency ratio

20.9 (2025 est.)

Potential support ratio

4.8 (2025 est.)

Total dependency ratio

45 (2025 est.)

Youth dependency ratio

24.1 (2025 est.)

improved total

97.82%

Improved: rural

rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: urban

urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Education expenditure (% GDP)

4.9% of GDP (2022 est.)

Education expenditure (% national budget)

18.4% national budget (2022 est.)

5 % of GDP

White and non-Indigenous 88.9%, Mapuche 9.1%, Aymara 0.7%, other Indigenous groups 1% (includes Rapa Nui, Likan Antai, Quechua, Colla, Diaguita, Kawesqar, Yagan or Yamana), unspecified 0.3% (2012 est.)

0.61 (2025 est.)

11 % of GDP

Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

9% of GDP (2022)

Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

19% of national budget (2022 est.)

0.38%

2 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Female

5.7 deaths/1,000 live births

Male

6.9 deaths/1,000 live births

neonatal

5 deaths/1,000 live births

Total

4.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Languages

Spanish 99.5% (official), English 10.2%, Indigenous 1% (includes Mapudungun, Aymara, Quechua, Rapa Nui), other 2.3%, unspecified 0.2%&nbsp; (2012 est.)

Major-language sample(s)

<br>La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Note

<strong>note:</strong> shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census

number of languages

1

Female

83.3 years

Male

77.3 years

Total population

80.3 years (2024 est.)

Female

96.3% (2017 est.)

Male

96.5% (2017 est.)

Total population

96.4% (2017 est.)

6.903 million SANTIAGO (capital), 1.009 million Valparaiso, 912,000 Concepcion (2023)

10 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Female

38.2 years

Male

35.8 years

Total

38.9 years (2025 est.)

7 births/1,000 women 15-19

Adjective

Chilean

Noun

Chilean(s)

2.58 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

28% (2016)

3.33 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

Female

9,711,460

Male

9,379,883

Total

19,091,343 (2025 est.)

0.46% (2025 est.)

Catholic 57%, none 25.7%, Evangelical or Protestant 16.2%, other Christians and traditions related to Christ 1.3%; less than 1%: Buddhist, Catholic Orthodox, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Islam, Judaism, other religions, no religion (2024)

improved total

95.13%

Improved: rural

rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: total

total: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Improved: urban

urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: rural

rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: total

total: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Unimproved: urban

urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Female

17 years (2023 est.)

Male

17 years (2023 est.)

Total

17 years (2023 est.)

0-14 years

1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years

1 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.73 male(s)/female

At birth

1.04 male(s)/female

Total population

0.97 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Female

24.1% (2025 est.)

Male

28.4% (2025 est.)

Total

26.2% (2025 est.)

1.25 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Rate of urbanization

0.78% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Urban population

88% of total population (2023)

measles

93%

16 regions (<em>regiones</em>, singular - <em>region</em>); Antofagasta, Araucanía, Arica y Parinacota, Atacama, Aysén, Biobío, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los Lagos, Los Ríos, Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena (Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica), Maule, Ñuble, Región Metropolitana (Santiago), Tarapacá, Valparaíso

note

<strong>note:</strong> the US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica

Daylight saving time

+1hr, begins second Sunday in August; ends second Sunday in May; note - Punta Arenas observes DST throughout the year

Etymology

Santiago is named after Saint James, the patron saint of Spain (Santo Iago in Spanish); Valparaiso derives from the Spanish words <em>valle </em>(valley) and <em>paraíso </em>(paradise)

Geographic coordinates

33 27 S, 70 40 W

Name

Santiago; note - Valparaiso is the seat of the national legislature

Time difference

UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Time zone note

Chile has three time zones: the continental portion at UTC-3; the southern Aysén and Magallanes regions, which do not use daylight savings time and remain at UTC-3 year-round; and Easter Island at UTC-5<strong><br></strong>

Citizenship by birth

yes

Citizenship by descent only

yes

Dual citizenship recognized

yes

Residency requirement for naturalization

5 years

svg

https://mainfacts.com/media/images/coats_of_arms/cl.svg

Amendment process

proposed by members of either house of the National Congress or by the president of the republic; passage requires at least four-sevenths majority vote of the membership in both houses and approval by the president; passage of amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, basic rights and freedoms, the Constitutional Tribunal, electoral justice, the Council of National Security, or the constitutional amendment process, requires at least four-sevenths majority vote by both houses of Congress and approval by the president; the president can opt to hold a referendum when Congress and the president disagree on an amendment

History

many previous; latest adopted 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981; in September 2022 and again in December 2023, referendums presented for a new constitution were both defeated, and the September 1980 constitution remains in force

alternative spellings

CL, Republic of Chile, República de Chile

Conventional long form

Republic of Chile

Conventional short form

Chile

Etymology

derivation of the name is unclear; it may come from a local word meaning either "land's end" or "cold," or a local word that was confused with the Mexican Spanish word <em>chili</em>, meaning a chili pepper, in reference to the area's shape

FIFA code

CHI

Local long form

Rep&uacute;blica de Chile

local long form (spa)

República de Chile

Local short form

Chile

Chief of mission

Ambassador-designate Brandon JUDD (since November 2025)

Email address and website

<br>SantiagoUSA@state.gov<br><br>https://cl.usembassy.gov/

Embassy

Avenida Andres Bello 2800, Las Condes, Santiago

FAX

[56] (2) 2330-3710

Mailing address

3460 Santiago Place, Washington DC&nbsp; 20521-3460

Telephone

[56] (2) 2330-3000

Chancery

1732 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

Chief of mission

Ambassador Juan Gabriel VALDES Soublette (since 7 June 2022)

Consulate(s) general

Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco

Email address and website

<br>echile.eeuu@minrel.gob.cl<br><br>https://chile.gob.cl/estados-unidos/en/

FAX

[1] (202) 887-5579

Telephone

[1] (202) 785-1746

Cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the president

Chief of state

President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)

Election results

<em>2025: </em>José Antonio KAST elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jeannette Alejandra JARA Román (PCCh) 26.8%,<strong> </strong>José Antonio KAST (PLR) 23.9%, Franco Aldo PARISI Fernández (PDG) 19.7%, Johannes KAISER (PNL) 13.9%, Evelyn Rose MATTHEI Fornet (PL) 12.5%; other 3.2%; percent of vote in second round - José Antonio KAST 58.2%, Jeannette Alejandra JARA Román 41.8%; note - KAST will take office 11 March 2026 <br><br><em>2021: </em>Gabriel BORIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - José Antonio KAST (FSC) 27.9%; Gabriel BORIC (AD) 25.8%; Franco PARISI (PDG) 12.8%; Sebastian SICHEL (ChP+) 12.8%; Yasna PROVOSTE (New Social Pact) 11.6%; other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Gabriel BORIC 55.9%; Jose Antonio KAST 44.1%<br><em><br>2017:</em> Sebastian PINERA Echenique elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique (independent) 36.6%; Alejandro GUILLIER (independent) 22.7%; Beatriz SANCHEZ (independent) 20.3%; Jose Antonio KAST (independent) 7.9%; Carolina GOIC (PDC) 5.9%; Marco ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI (PRO) 5.7%; other 0.9%; percent of vote in second round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique 54.6%, Alejandro GUILLIER 45.4%

Election/appointment process

president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term

Expected date of next election

18 November 2029 (a runoff, if needed, will take place in December 2029)

Head of government

President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)

Most recent election date

16 November 2025, with a runoff held on 14 December 2025

Note

<strong>note:</strong> the president is both chief of state and head of government

<strong>description:</strong> two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; a blue square sits in the top left corner of the flag, the same height as the white band; the square has a five-pointed white star in the center<br><br><strong>meaning:</strong> the star represents a guide to progress and honor; blue stands for the sky, white for the Andes Mountains, and red for the blood spilled to achieve independence

note

<strong>note:</strong> design influenced by the US flag

The flag of Chile is composed of two equal horizontal bands of white and red, with a blue square of the same height as the white band superimposed in the canton. A white five-pointed star is centered in the blue square.

svg

https://flagcdn.com/cl.svg

presidential republic

18 September 1810 (from Spain)

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

APEC, BIS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-15, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMOGIP, UNOOSA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Highest court(s)

Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (consists of a court president and 20 members); Constitutional Court (consists of 10 members and is independent of the rest of the judiciary); Elections Qualifying Court (consists of 5 members)

Judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court president and judges (ministers) appointed by the president of the republic and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates provided by the court itself; judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 70; Constitutional Court members appointed - 3 by the Supreme Court, 3 by the president of the republic, 2 by the Chamber of Deputies, and 2 by the Senate; members serve 9-year terms with partial membership replacement every 3 years (the court reviews constitutionality of legislation); Elections Qualifying Court members appointed by lottery - 1 by the former president or vice president of the Senate and 1 by the former president or vice president of the Chamber of Deputies, 2 by the Supreme Court, and 1 by the Appellate Court of Valparaiso; members appointed for 4-year terms

Subordinate courts

Courts of Appeal; oral criminal tribunals; military tribunals; local police courts; specialized tribunals and courts in matters such as family, labor, customs, taxes, and electoral affairs

civil law system influenced by several Western European civil legal systems; Constitutional Tribunal reviews legislative acts

Legislative structure

bicameral

Legislature name

National Congress (Congreso Nacional)

Chamber name

Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados)

Electoral system

proportional representation

Expected date of next election

November 2025

Most recent election date

11/21/2021

Number of seats

155 (all directly elected)

Parties elected and seats per party

Chile Podemos (Empowering Chile", CP +) (53); New Social Pact (NPS) (37); Approving Dignity (AD) (37); Christian Social Front (FSC) (15); Other (13)

Percentage of women in chamber

33.5%

Scope of elections

full renewal

Term in office

4 years

Chamber name

Senate (Senado)

Electoral system

proportional representation

Expected date of next election

November 2025

Most recent election date

11/21/2021

Number of seats

50 (all directly elected)

Parties elected and seats per party

Chile Podemos (Empowering Chile", CP +) (12); New Social Pact (NPS) (8); Approving Dignity (AD) (4); Independents (2); Other (1)

Percentage of women in chamber

32%

Scope of elections

partial renewal

Term in office

8 years

red, white, blue

Selected World Heritage Site locales

Rapa Nui National Park; Churches of Chiloe; Historic Valparaiso; Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works; Sewell Mining Town; Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System; Chinchorro archeological sites

Total World Heritage Sites

7 (all cultural)

Independence Day, 18 September (1810)

huemul (mountain deer), Andean condor

Approve Dignity (Apruebo Dignidad) coalition or AD (included PC, FA, and FREVS); note - dissolved 2023<br>Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) or FA (includes RD, CS, and Comunes)<br>Chile We Can Do More (Chile Podemos Más) or ChP+ (coalition includes EVOPOLI, PRI, RN, UDI)<br>Christian Democratic Party or PDC<br>Common Sense Party or SC<br>Commons (Comunes)<br>Communist Party of Chile or PCCh<br>Democratic Revolution or RD<br>Democrats or PD<br>Equality Party or PI<br>Green Ecological Party or PEV (dissolved 7 February 2022)<br>Green Popular Alliance or AVP<br>Humanist Action Party or PAH<br>Humanist Party or PH<br>Independent Democratic Union or UDI<br>Liberal Party (Partido Liberal de Chile) or PL<br>National Libertarian Party or PNL<br>National Renewal or RN<br>New Social Pact or NPS (includes PDC, PL, PPD, PRSD, PS)<br>Party for Democracy or PPD<br>Party of the People or PDG<br>Political Evolution or EVOPOLI<br>Popular Party or PP<br>Progressive Homeland Party or PRO<br>Radical Party or PR<br>Republican Party or PLR<br>Social Christian Party or PSC<br>Social Convergence or CS<br>Social Green Regionalist Federation or FREVS<br>Socialist Party or PS<br>Yellow Movement for Chile or AMAR

Monday

18 years of age; universal

Yes

grapes, milk, apples, wheat, tomatoes, potatoes, chicken, maize, sugar beets, pork (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

On alcohol and tobacco

3.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

On food

19.4% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Expenditures

$85.024 billion (2023 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Revenues

$77.003 billion (2023 est.)

code

CLP

name

Chilean peso (CLP) [$]

$-4,852,716,811

Current account balance 2022

-$26.656 billion (2022 est.)

Current account balance 2023

-$10.497 billion (2023 est.)

Current account balance 2024

-$4.853 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

export-driven economy; leading copper producer; though hit by COVID-19, fairly quick rebound from increased liquidity and rapid vaccine rollouts; decreasing poverty but still lingering inequality; public debt rising but still manageable; recent political violence has had negative economic consequences

Currency

Chilean pesos (CLP) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2020

792.727 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

758.955 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

873.314 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

840.067 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2024

943.572 (2024 est.)

$111.38 billion

Exports 2022

$107.039 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$103.256 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2024

$111.123 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

copper ore, refined copper, fish, carbonates, pitted fruits (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars

China 39%, USA 16%, Japan 7%, S. Korea 6%, Brazil 4% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

net inflows

$12.52 billion

Exports of goods and services

33.7% (2024 est.)

Government consumption

15.1% (2024 est.)

Household consumption

58.1% (2024 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-30.1% (2024 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

23.5% (2024 est.)

Investment in inventories

-0.3% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Agriculture

3.9% (2024 est.)

Industry

30.1% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Services

56.1% (2024 est.)

$330.267 billion (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate

$16,710

44.4 (2017)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022

43 (2022 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

$313.27 billion

$15,750

23 % of GDP

Highest 10%

34.5% (2022 est.)

Lowest 10%

2.3% (2022 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

$99.53 billion

Imports 2022

$118.928 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$100.082 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2024

$99.239 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

refined petroleum, crude petroleum, cars, garments, trucks (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars

China 23%, USA 20%, Brazil 10%, Argentina 7%, Germany 5% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

3.5% (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

copper, lithium, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles

4.3%

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

11.6% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

7.6% (2023 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024

4.3% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices

10.088 million (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

total

10.33 million persons

agriculture

6.07%

industry

21.5%

services

72.43%

6.5% (2022 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> % of population with income below national poverty line

Public debt 2016

21% of GDP (2016 est.)

$715.11 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$578.173 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$581.187 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$596.556 billion (2024 est.)

2.64%

Note

<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

2.2% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

0.5% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

2.6% (2024 est.)

$36,181

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$29,600 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$29,600 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$30,200 (2024 est.)

$100.14 million

Note

<b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2022

0% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

0% of GDP (2023 est.)

Remittances 2024

0% of GDP (2024 est.)

$44.4 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$39.102 billion (2022 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$46.377 billion (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024

$44.403 billion (2024 est.)

23 % of GDP

18 % of GDP

17.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

8.97%

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

8.3% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

9.1% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

9.1% (2024 est.)

Female

24.9% (2024 est.)

Male

20.3% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Total

22.3% (2024 est.)

Consumption

8.087 million metric tons (2023 est.)

Exports

63,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Imports

7.589 million metric tons (2023 est.)

Production

474,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Proven reserves

1.181 billion metric tons (2023 est.)

Consumption

83.295 billion kWh (2023 est.)

consumption per capita

4,323 kWh

Installed generating capacity

39.238 million kW (2023 est.)

Transmission/distribution losses

4.384 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electrification - total population

100% (2022 est.)

Biomass and waste

5.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Fossil fuels

35.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Geothermal

0.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

hydroelectric

26.04%

Hydroelectricity

26.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

nuclear

0%

renewable

48.08%

Solar

20.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Wind

10.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

2,039 kg of oil equivalent

Total energy consumption per capita 2023

71.42 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Consumption

6.5 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Exports

39.009 million cubic meters (2023 est.)

Imports

5.196 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Production

1.362 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Proven reserves

97.976 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Crude oil estimated reserves

150 million barrels (2021 est.)

Refined petroleum consumption

404,000 bbl/day (2024 est.)

Total petroleum production

11,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

24.2%

per 100 inhabitants

23 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

23 (2023 est.)

Total

4.52 million (2023 est.)

national and local terrestrial TV channels, coupled with extensive cable TV networks; the state-owned Television Nacional de Chile (TVN) network is self-financed through commercial advertising and is not under direct government control; large number of privately owned TV stations; about 250 radio stations

.cl

Percent of population

95% (2023 est.)

#######

+56

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

8 (2024 est.)

Total subscriptions

1.74 million (2024 est.)

subscriptions per 100

136 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

133 (2024 est.)

Total subscriptions

26.2 million (2024 est.)

passengers carried

21.32 million passengers

registered carrier departures

144,494 departures

379 (2025)

CC

Right

115 (2025)

By type

bulk carrier 3, container ship 5, general cargo 66, oil tanker 14, other 161

Total

249 (2023)

Key ports

Antofagasta, Bahia de Valdivia, Bahia de Valparaiso, Coronel, Iquique, Mejillones, Puerto Montt, Puerto San Antonio, Rada de Arica, Rada Punta Arenas, Talcahuano, Tocopilla

Large

0

Medium

2

Ports with oil terminals

25

Small

10

Total ports

39 (2024)

Very small

27

Broad gauge

3,428 km (2014) 1.676-m gauge (1,691 km electrified)

Narrow gauge

3,853.5 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

Total

7,281.5 km (2014)

RCH

armored vehicles

tanks

the Chilean military's responsibilities are territorial defense, ensuring the country’s sovereignty, assisting with disaster and humanitarian relief, and providing some internal security duties such as border security or maintaining public order if required; a key focus in recent years has been assisting with securing the border area with Bolivia and Peru; it trains regularly and participates in bilateral and multinational training exercises, as well as international peacekeeping operations <br><br>Chile and Argentina have a joint peacekeeping force known as the Combined Southern Cross Peacekeeping Force (FPC), designed to be made available to the UN; the FPC is made up of air, ground, and naval components, as well as a combined logistics support unit<br><br>the Chilean Army was founded in 1810, but traces its origins back to the Army of the Kingdom of Chile, which was established by the Spanish Crown in the early 1600s; Chile's military aviation was inaugurated in 1913 with the creation of a military aviation school; the Navy traces its origins to 1817; it was first led by a British officer and the first ships were largely crewed by American, British, and Irish sailors; by the 1880s, the Chilean Navy was one of the most powerful in the Americas, and included the world’s first protected cruiser (a ship with an armored deck to protect vital machine spaces) (2025)

Armed Forces of Chile (Fuerzas Armadas de Chile): Chilean Army (Ejército de Chile), Chilean Navy (Armada de Chile, includes Marine Corps and Maritime Territory and Merchant Marine Directorate or Directemar), Chilean Air Force (Fuerza Aerea de Chile, FACh) (2025)

active duty personnel

114,000

note

<strong>note 1: </strong>the Directemar is the country's coast guard<br> <br><strong>note 2:</strong> the National Police Force (Carabineros de Chile) is responsible to both the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of the Interior and Public Security

percent of total labor force

1.28 %

approximately 70,000 active Armed Forces (40,000 Army; 20,000 Navy; 10,000 Air Force); approximately 50,000 Carabineros (2025)

the Chilean military's inventory is comprised of a mix of mostly older foreign supplied armaments and some domestically produced weapons systems; significant foreign suppliers have included Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Spain, the UK, and the US; Chile's defense industry is active in the production of military aircraft, ships, and vehicles (2025)

2 % of GDP

current USD

$5,105,441,707

Military Expenditures 2020

2% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military Expenditures 2021

2% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military Expenditures 2022

1.6% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military Expenditures 2023

1.5% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military Expenditures 2024

1.5% of GDP (2024 est.)

percent of central government expenditure

5.84 %

percent of GDP

1.58 % of GDP

18-24 for voluntary military service for men and women (17 for men with parental permission); selective compulsory service for men 18-24 (there are usually enough volunteers to make compulsory service unnecessary); service obligation is a maximum of 24 months  (2025)

note

<strong>note:</strong> as of 2024, women comprised approximately 21% of the armed forces

PowerIndex score

0.8704

IDPs

8,323 (2024 est.)

Refugees

15,788 (2024 est.)

Stateless persons

1,688 (2024 est.)

Tren de Aragua (TdA)

note

<strong>note:</strong> details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

From coal and metallurgical coke

14.773 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From consumed natural gas

12.781 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids

55.504 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Total emissions

83.058 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; noise pollution; improper garbage disposal; soil degradation; widespread deforestation; pollution and ecosystem degradation from mining; wildlife conservation

Global geoparks and regional networks

Kutralkura (2023)

Total global geoparks and regional networks

1

Party to

Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

Signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

18.8 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

38 % of total land area

26 % of total

923.06 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

4 % of internal resources

Agricultural

29.42 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Industrial

1.66 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Municipal

1.29 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Municipal solid waste generated annually

6.517 million tons (2024 est.)

Percent of municipal solid waste recycled

1% (2022 est.)