Countries
China
Key Economic Indicators
$38.19 trillion
$27,105
4.98%
0.22%
4.62%
$18.744 trillion (2024 est.)
<strong>note:</strong> official data; data cover both central and local governme
$423.92 billion
Economic Overview
<p>world’s second-largest economy by nominal GDP; global leader in exports and manufacturing; historically strong growth slowing; challenges of aging workforce, weak productivity, rising youth unemployment, struggling property sector, and public debt; state-sponsored economic controls and infrastructure investments</p>
All Economic Data
Agricultural products
maize, rice, vegetables, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, cucumbers/gherkins, tomatoes, watermelons, pork (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Average household expenditures
On alcohol and tobacco:
3.2% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
On food:
21.2% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Budget
Expenditures:
$4.893 trillion (2019 est.)
Revenues:
$2.684 trillion (2022 est.) <b>note:</b> central government revenues (excluding grants) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Currency
code:
CNY
name:
Chinese yuan (CNY) [¥]
Current account balance
$423.92 billion
Current account balance 2022:
$443.374 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023:
$263.382 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024:
$423.919 billion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Debt - external
$2.42 trillion
Debt - external 2023:
$488.114 billion (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> present value of external debt in current US dollars
Exchange rates
Currency:
Renminbi yuan (RMB) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020:
6.901 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021:
6.449 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022:
6.737 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023:
7.084 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024:
7.197 (2024 est.)
Exports
$3.75 trillion
Exports 2022:
$3.719 trillion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023:
$3.508 trillion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024:
$3.793 trillion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - commodities
broadcasting equipment, computers, integrated circuits, garments, machine parts (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Exports - partners
USA 13%, Hong Kong 8%, Japan 5%, Germany 5%, S. Korea 4% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Foreign direct investment
net inflows:
$18.56 billion
GDP - composition, by end use
Exports of goods and services:
19.1% (2023 est.)
Government consumption:
17.2% (2023 est.)
Household consumption:
39.6% (2023 est.)
Imports of goods and services:
-17% (2023 est.)
Investment in fixed capital:
40.5% (2023 est.)
Investment in inventories:
0.6% (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
Agriculture:
6.8% (2024 est.)
Industry:
36.5% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Services:
56.7% (2024 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$18.744 trillion (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP per capita (nominal)
$13,303
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
38.5 (2016)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021:
35.7 (2021 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
GNI (gross national income)
$18.62 trillion
GNI per capita
$13,660
Gross domestic investment
41 % of GDP
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Highest 10%:
28.2% (2021 est.)
Lowest 10%:
3.2% (2021 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Imports
$3.22 trillion
Imports 2022:
$3.142 trillion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023:
$3.122 trillion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024:
$3.254 trillion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - commodities
crude petroleum, integrated circuits, iron ore, gold, natural gas (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - partners
S. Korea 7%, USA 7%, Japan 6%, Australia 6%, Russia 6% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Industrial production growth rate
5.3% (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Industries
world leader in gross value of industrial output; mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizer; consumer products (including footwear, toys, and electronics); food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, railcars and locomotives, ships, aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
0.22%
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022:
2% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023:
0.2% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024:
0.2% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices
Labor force
773.88 million (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
total:
767.63 million persons
Labor force - by occupation
agriculture:
21.68%
industry:
31.79%
services:
46.53%
Population below poverty line
0% (2020 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> % of population with income below national poverty line
Public debt
Note:
<strong>note:</strong> official data; data cover both central and local government debt, including debt officially recognized by China's National Audit Office report in 2011; data exclude policy bank bonds, Ministry of Railway debt, and China Asset Management Company debt
Public debt 2017:
47% of GDP (2017 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$38.19 trillion
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022:
$30.361 trillion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023:
$32.005 trillion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024:
$33.598 trillion (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
4.98%
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022:
3.1% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023:
5.4% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024:
5% (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$27,105
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022:
$21,500 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023:
$22,700 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024:
$23,800 (2024 est.)
Remittances
$31.41 billion
Note:
<b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2022:
0.1% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023:
0.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024:
0.2% of GDP (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$3.46 trillion
Note:
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022:
$3.307 trillion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023:
$3.45 trillion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024:
$3.456 trillion (2024 est.)
Revenue (excl grants)
15 % of GDP
Tax revenue
8 % of GDP
Taxes and other revenues
7.6% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Unemployment rate
4.62%
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022:
5% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023:
4.7% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024:
4.6% (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
Female:
13.5% (2024 est.)
Male:
16.5% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Total:
15.2% (2024 est.)
World Bank Indicators
Currency
Swiss franc (CHF) Fr. (2025)
Gini Index
33.10 (2018)
Languages
French, Swiss German, Italian, Romansh (2025)
Economic Rankings
GDP (PPP)
#1
Reserves
#1
Exports
#1
External Debt
#1
GDP (Nominal)
#2
Imports
#2
GDP per Capita
#73
Gini Index
#79
GDP Growth Rate
#79
Unemployment Rate
#104
Inflation Rate
#193
Quick Facts
Industries
world leader in gross value of industrial output; mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemic
Agricultural products
maize, rice, vegetables, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, cucumbers/gherkins, tomatoes, watermelons, pork (2023)
Labor force
773.88 million (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
USA 13%, Hong Kong 8%, Japan 5%, Germany 5%, S. Korea 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
S. Korea 7%, USA 7%, Japan 6%, Australia 6%, Russia 6% (2023)
Exchange rates
Renminbi yuan (RMB) per US dollar -
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