Countries
Bahrain
Key Economic Indicators
$106.35 billion
$66,941
2.6%
0.92%
1.1%
$47.737 billion (2024 est.)
<strong>note:</strong> central government debt as a % of GDP
$2.28 billion
Economic Overview
<p>high-income, growing Middle Eastern island economy; oil and aluminum exporter with diversification led by services, construction and manufacturing; regional finance and tourism hub; high public debt linked to oil revenue dependence and limited tax base; vulnerable to water reservoir depletion</p>
All Economic Data
Agricultural products
lamb/mutton, dates, milk, tomatoes, chicken, eggs, sheep offal, sheepskins, eggplants, chillies/peppers (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Average household expenditures
On alcohol and tobacco:
0.4% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
On food:
13.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Budget
Expenditures:
$9.982 billion (2020 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Revenues:
$5.538 billion (2020 est.)
Currency
code:
BHD
name:
Bahraini dinar (BHD) [.د.ب]
Current account balance
$2.28 billion
Current account balance 2022:
$6.839 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023:
$2.699 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024:
$2.282 billion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exchange rates
Currency:
Bahraini dinars (BHD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020:
0.376 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021:
0.376 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022:
0.376 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023:
0.376 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024:
0.376 (2024 est.)
Exports
$41.3 billion
Exports 2022:
$44.58 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023:
$40.344 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024:
$41.303 billion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - commodities
refined petroleum, aluminum, iron ore, aluminum wire, jewelry (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Exports - partners
UAE 16%, Saudi Arabia 15%, South Africa 8%, USA 6%, India 4% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Foreign direct investment
net inflows:
$2.7 billion
GDP - composition, by end use
Exports of goods and services:
87.4% (2023 est.)
Government consumption:
14.6% (2023 est.)
Household consumption:
38.9% (2023 est.)
Imports of goods and services:
-70.1% (2023 est.)
Investment in fixed capital:
27.5% (2023 est.)
Investment in inventories:
1.8% (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
Agriculture:
0.3% (2023 est.)
Industry:
43.4% (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Services:
51.9% (2023 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$47.737 billion (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP per capita (nominal)
$29,654
GNI (gross national income)
$43.79 billion
GNI per capita
$28,090
Gross domestic investment
28 % of GDP
Imports
$33.04 billion
Imports 2022:
$33.066 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023:
$32.374 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024:
$33.044 billion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - commodities
iron ore, aluminum oxide, ships, cars, gold (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - partners
China 13%, Saudi Arabia 12%, UAE 11%, Brazil 8%, Australia 7% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Industrial production growth rate
0.1% (2023 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Industries
petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
0.92%
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022:
3.6% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023:
0.1% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024:
0.9% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices
Labor force
913,300 (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
total:
932,073 persons
Labor force - by occupation
agriculture:
0.83%
industry:
34.91%
services:
64.26%
Public debt
Note:
<strong>note:</strong> central government debt as a % of GDP
Public debt 2020:
111.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$106.35 billion
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022:
$87.781 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023:
$91.185 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024:
$93.937 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
2.6%
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022:
6.2% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023:
3.9% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024:
3% (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$66,941
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022:
$57,600 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023:
$57,800 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024:
$59,100 (2024 est.)
Remittances
Note:
<strong>note:</strong> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2021:
0% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2022:
0% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023:
0% of GDP (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$4.95 billion
Note:
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022:
$4.775 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023:
$5.118 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024:
$4.949 billion (2024 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
2.8% (of GDP) (2020 est.)
note:
<strong>note:</strong> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Unemployment rate
1.1%
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022:
1.4% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023:
1.2% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024:
1.2% (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
Female:
12.4% (2024 est.)
Male:
2.5% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Total:
5.2% (2024 est.)
World Bank Indicators
Currency
Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark (BAM) KM (2025)
Exports (US$)
$12.10B (2024)
External Debt
$13.89B (2024)
FDI Net Inflows (US$)
$1.00B (2024)
GDP Growth (%)
2.97 (2024)
Gdp Nominal
$29.61B (2024)
GDP Per Capita
9,359 (2024)
Gini Index
33.00 (2011)
Govt Debt Pct Gdp
39.91 (2024)
Imports (US$)
$16.08B (2024)
Inflation Rate (%)
1.69 (2024)
Languages
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian (2025)
Reserves
$9.42B (2024)
Unemployment Rate (%)
10.69 (2024)
Youth Unemployment
27.33 (2024)
Economic Rankings
GDP per Capita
#25
GDP Growth Rate
#59
Exports
#70
Imports
#78
GDP (Nominal)
#94
GDP (PPP)
#97
Reserves
#100
Unemployment Rate
#172
Inflation Rate
#178
Quick Facts
Industries
petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism
Agricultural products
lamb/mutton, dates, milk, tomatoes, chicken, eggs, sheep offal, sheepskins, eggplants, chillies/peppers (2023)
Labor force
913,300 (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
UAE 16%, Saudi Arabia 15%, South Africa 8%, USA 6%, India 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
China 13%, Saudi Arabia 12%, UAE 11%, Brazil 8%, Australia 7% (2023)
Exchange rates
Bahraini dinars (BHD) per US dollar -
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